Fiber optic Take a walk to the

Fiber optics Basics for fiber optics

Alexander Bell´s model of the first light telephone sunlight mirror microphone modulated light tuner selen cell earphone station membrane

Light What is light? Light is an elementary particle Light is electromagnetic power, like radio waves and x-ray Light is going in a sinus curve with about km/s through air and vacuum Light is going with about km/s through fiber

wave length frequency f t 1 sec. Frequency (quantity of the sinus curves per second) and wave length (distance between 2 waves) To imagine the journey of the light in the fiber optic, it is treated like a simple beam Light

Fiber optic / Copper Two-wire line transmitter receiver E/O O/E signal processing two-wire line Singlemode fiber

Copper vs. fiber optic Advantages of copper: Easy to fit Mounting friendly Intergrable in available networks Advantages of fiber optic: High transfer bandwidth No crosstalk It is light, thin and flexible to fit It can be fitted in explosive, dangerous environments Save from lightning strikes Eavesdrop-proof

Manufacturing of the fibers Outter material for the fiber optic production is fused quartz, which will be formed with the help of different seperation treatments by gas and heat supplyment. To extract the fibers, the finished base body will be hung up in a fiber drawing tower (image). The height of the fiber drawing tower amounts around 5 m, where the end of the prototype will be heated to 200°C, to grab the end and pull out the fibers. While this pulling treatment, the geometric circumstances of the prototype will be obtained to create a smaller image of the prototype. Right after the substraction, a first protective coat will be applied and will be hardened with UV- lightening. This so called primary cladding shall protect the fibers against harmful influences, before it will be rolled up on a drum.

Fibers Multimode fibers Bigger diameter Multiple spreading ways of the light Transfer of 100 conversations Data loss through over lapping Singelmode fibers Small heart with only one spreading way Higher range 50-62,5 µm125 µm 9 µm125 µm

EthernetOM1OM2OM3OM4OS1/OS2 100 Mbit/s 100BASE-SX850 nm300 m n.a. 100BASE-FX1310 nm2000 m m 1 Gbit/s 1000BASE-SX850 nm300 m500 m1000 m 1000BASE-LX1310 nm500 m 5000 m 10 Gbit/s 10GBASE-SR850 nm30 m80 m300 m500 m 10GBASE- LR(M) 1310 nm220 m m 10GBASE-ER1550 nm m 40 Gbit/s 40GBASE-SR4850 nmn.a. 100 m125 m 40GBASE-LR41310 nm m 40GBASE-ER41550 nm m Fiber Channel OM1OM2OM3OM4OS1 / OS2 850 nm1310 nm1550 nm 1 Gbit/s1GFC300 m500 m800 mn.a m m 2 Gbit/s2GFC150 m300 m500 mn.a m m 4 Gbit/s4GFC70 m150 m380 m400 m mn.a. 8 Gbit/s8GFC20 m50 m150 m190 m mn.a. 16 Gbit/s16GFC15 m35 m100 m125 m m m * * Classification OM 2OM3OM4OS2

Cable Primary coating Core Cladding 250  m 125  m 9/50/62,5  m 900  m (0.9 mm) 3000  m (3 mm) Secondary coating Kevlar thread Jacket

Connector Copper: male + female Fiber optic: male + coupling + male Most common connector jacks: ST / LC / SC / E 2000 / MPO Requirements to the connectors: Low damping 0,1-0,5 dB High backflow damping Ferrule which records fiber, made out of plastic or metal. The fiber sticks inside them and is being smoothed or polished. PC is being polished. APC 8° is being smoothed and sometimes even 9° (telecom).

APC Polishing PC

Connector types The most commonly applied connector jacks in the telecommunications are LC, SC, ST and E2000. In the laser and measurement engineering are most commonly FC and F-SMA jacks installed.

Attention !! Visual danger Skin injuries No fiberglass while eating Fiber-recording Disposal Never look into a fiber optic cable with an optical magnification! Be careful with „open“ fibers! It stings in the skin It breaks very easily It has a capillary effect in the body

Network plane network plane 1 Broadcasting corporation network plane 2 Reception / conditioning network plane 3 Signal distribution road network network plane 4 House location network plane 5 Apartment

17 Assmann Electronic GmbH Product Manager Axel Böving Auf dem Schüffel Lüdenscheid