FOCUS Turn in your learning Log Quiz on the Articles of Confederation and the US Constitution! 3.2 1) Frayer model 2) Think Pair Share (weakest/articles) 3) Cause and effect (Shay’s Rebellion) 4) Twitter 5) Summary 3.3 6) Activating = list of weaknesses 7) Frayer 8) event summary 9) Twitter 10) Summary

Unit 3: Political and Economic Conflict Lesson 3.4: Washington and Congress

Activating List as many of the “freedoms” guaranteed in the Bill of Rights as you can. What is the historical significance of the Bill of Rights?

Frayer / Precedence

WASHINGTON AND CONGRESS

SETTING THE STAGE President Washington and the First Congress had to decide how to make the new government function effectively. The conflicting philosophies of Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton became the basis for two new political parties.

CREATING A NEW GOVERNMENT Washington’s task, and the task of congress, was to turn the words of the constitution into effective government In 1789 congress created: Department of State = Thomas Jefferson Department of Treasury = Alexander Hamilton Department of War =Henry Knox The office of the Attorney General = Edmund Randolph These men became to be known as the Cabinet, a group of advisors to the president. Washington met regularly w/ cabinent…setting a precedent for future presidents! Congress also passed the Judiciary Act of 1789 established 13 district courts, 3 Courts of Appeal, and the Supreme Court.

FINANCING THE GOVERNMENT Government must have money to operate! James Madison’s plan = Tariff of 1789 = angered southerners (the beginning of a lot of hate) Hamilton believed the government must be able to borrow money and tax= creditors, bankers, and merchants would have a stake in success of government= North prospers again Debate raged between north and south leads to compromise = Hamiltons plan passes Capital moves from New York City to District of Columbia in south

AP 1: Think Pair Share Why does Hamilton believe the government must be able to borrow money?

THE BANK OF THE UNITED STATES Hamilton argues the need for a bank to manage its debts and interest payments Bank would also issue paper money to promote trade and investment Washington realized his decision would set another precedent = is this constitutional? Hamilton argues the “necessary and proper” clause of us constitution leads to implied powers (loose interpretation) Jefferson argued for enumerated powers = if its not stated, you cant do it! (Strict interpretation)

Venn : Loose vs Strict Interpretation

AP 2 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eN2QVW1Wh84 Twitter Post In 140 characters or less, explain the difference of opinion regarding government between Hamilton and Jefferson.

THE WHISKEY REBELLION Hamilton also believed the federal government must impose direct taxes In 1791 congress imposed a tax on whiskey = enraged western farmers. Whiskey rebellion erupts in western pa in 1794 They terrorized tax collectors, stopped courts, and robbed the mail. Washington sends in 15,000 federal troops to crush rebellion = another precedent

THE RISE OF POLTICAL PARTIES Nations first political parties develop over differing views on role of government. Hamilton and Federalists = strong national government = Democracy dangerous, power should be in hands of wealthy elite Manufacturing and trade at basis of national wealth and power Jefferson and the (Democratic) Republicans = Strength of nation based on farmers (agrarianism) All about rights of ordinary people, distrusted wealthy

AP 3: Venn Diagram / Federalists vs Democratic Republicans

PRIMARY SOURCE: FUNDING THE GOVERNMENT Read “Funding The Government On Pages 156-157. Why Did Hamilton Want To Establish Credit For The New Nation? Why Did Jefferson Argue Against The National Bank?

READ “PEOPLE IN HISTORY” ON PAGES 158-159 READ “PEOPLE IN HISTORY” ON PAGES 158-159. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN YOUR NOTES: How Did Alexander Hamilton Contribute To The Formation Of The Us Government? What Was Jefferson’s Vision For The Nation?

Learning Log Summarize In Your Journal What You Have Learned Today By Referencing The Following Questions: What Actions Of The New Federal Government Started And Ended The Whiskey Rebellion? Who Was The Main Leader Of Each Of The New American Political Parties? How Did Jefferson And Hamilton Disagree With One Another In Regard To The Creation Of A National Bank? What Are The Main Differences B/W The Federalists And The Republicans? What examples Did Washington Set As The President Of The United States?