Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning POGIL Activities Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning

Manager or Facilitator Manages the group. Ensures that members are fulfilling their roles, that the assigned tasks are being accomplished on time, and that all members of the group participate in activities and understand the concepts. You will also ensure that your group finishes the activity in the set amount of time- 50 minutes.

Equipment Manager Gathers materials and uses any equipment other than paper and pencil. Performs all technical operations for the group, including the use of a calculator or computer. Unless otherwise instructed, only the technician in each group may operate equipment such as this. Ensures that all materials are correctly collected, turned in and disposed of so that all areas are clean.

Reader Reads the entire activity out loud to the group. The reader must monitor their volume so that their group can hear them, but other groups are not disturbed. This helps to keep everyone in the group together. The Manager will tell the Reader when it is time to read the next part of the activity.

Recorder/Presenter/Spokesperson Records the names and roles of the group members at the beginning of each activity. Records the important aspects of group discussions, observations, insights, etc. The recorder’s report is a log of the important concepts that the group has learned. This person is also responsible for reporting orally to the class when called for in class discussions. The spokesperson is also responsible for asking the teacher any questions from the group (and must raise his or her hand to be recognized.)

6. Biological Molecules Extension Questions 23. Metabolism is the collective term used to describe all the chemical reactions taking place inside living organisms. Why is water so important for metabolic reactions? 24. We store excess food in our body either in the form of carbohydrates (in muscles and the liver) or as fat (adipose tissue). When our body needs additional energy it uses the carbohydrate source first as a source of “quick” energy, then the fat. Why do you think carbohydrates are used as a source of quick energy rather than fat? Use complete sentences and scientific terminology in your response.

7. Prokaryote and Eukaryote Cells Extension Questions 23. What effect do you expect the structural differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes to have on their functions? Explain in detail. 24. With as much detail as possible, give another example of an analogy for describing the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.

14. Photosynthesis and Respiration Extension Questions 21. Ethanol is one example of alternative fuels for powering our cars and trucks. Ethanol can be produced in different ways, but most often by microorganisms acting on plant materials such as corn. Advocates argue that burning ethanol would not alter the net emission of CO2 even though when ethanol is involved in combustion it produces CO2. What are the pros and cons of producing and burning ethanol? 22. Electricity consumption is a huge producer of atmospheric carbon dioxide because much of the USA’s electricity is produced in coal burning power plants. What are three other ways that electricity can be produced that would NOT increase atmospheric carbon dioxide? Which of these does your group think holds the most promise for the future?

18. DNA Structure and Replication 17. According to Model 3, what term refers to loose DNA inside of a nucleus? 18. During what part of the cell cycle is the DNA in a cell’s nucleus replicated? 19. During what part of the cell cycle is the DNA in a cell condensed into chromosomes? 20. Replicated chromosomes are often illustrated as an X shape to match how they look in real life just before cell division. a. According to Model 3, which of the following diagrams correctly show an original set of homologous chromosomes (grey) and their sister chromatids (black)—the replicated portion? b. What structure holds the two sister chromatids together as they prepare for cell division?

19. Evidence for Evolution Extension Questions 18. Refer to Model 2. Study the bone arrangement in the bird and whale. Propose an explanation for the similarity of elongated bone arrangement in the lower parts of the forelimb (metacarpals and phalanges), given the differences in the animals? 19. Thinking about how traits are inherited and considering the similarities in bone structure among the various animals in this activity, what might you expect to find if you compared the development of embryos among the organisms used in this activity? 20. Thinking about how traits are inherited, how would you explain the close similarities between the make-up of the oxygen-carrying molecule hemoglobin in organisms as diverse as birds, horses, gorillas, and humans?

21. Evolution and Selection Extension Questions 22. For the past 10 to 25 years, farmers have planted crop seeds that have been genetically modified to withstand treatment with a common weed killer called Roundup®. This allows the farmers to spray their fields to get rid of weeds without harming their crops. Recently, more and more farmers have discovered that their fields have Roundup-resistant pigweed growing along with their crop. Use what you’ve learned in this activity to explain how this came about. 23. Many popular products from hand soap to clothing advertise that they have antibacterial qualities. Most microbiologists recommend against their routine use in our daily lives. How can you explain this using your knowledge from this activity?