Chapter 9: Global Economic Growth and Development

According to your text, which of the following countries currently has the highest annual per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate? China Japan Germany United States Answer: A

Economic growth is usually defined as the rate of increase in output divided by the increase in labor. the increase in output over time, as measured by real per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP). the increase in input availability. the reduction in the real cost of necessities. Answer: B

Labor productivity can best be calculated as real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) / Gross Domestic Product (GDP) price index. real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) / number of workers. number of workers / hours of work. real wages / hours of work. Answer: B

Labor productivity increases when the population increases. output increases even if the labor force has decreased. output increases at the same rate as the labor force increases. output increases faster than population increases. Answer: B

Economic growth tends to be higher in a country that has a low saving rate. has an open economy that encourages the rapid spread of technology. has an undeveloped system of property rights. does not grant patents to investors. Answer: B

If all income is consumed in a year, then investment spending will increase. income next year will increase. investment spending will be zero. any investment spending will be done by the government. Answer: C

Economic growth depends on low tax rates. high government spending. high rates of consumption. increases in the capital stock as a result of saving. Answer: D

Regarding the role of saving in economic growth, studies indicate that there is a positive relationship between economic growth and saving. there is no relationship between economic growth and saving. there is a negative relationship between economic growth and saving. there is both a positive and a negative relationship between economic growth and saving. Answer: A

Which of the following are mentioned as forces of the new growth theory that influence economic growth? I. Technology II. Research III. Innovations I only I and II only I and III only II and III only I, II, and III Answer: E

increased gross investment. technological progress. The development of a strain of wheat that will yield two crops per year rather than one crop per year is an example of economic growth resulting from capital accumulation. increased gross investment. technological progress. an increase in per capita real income. Answer: C

reduce expenditures on research and development. Economists typically agree that the special protection given to owners of patents tends to reduce expenditures on research and development. increase expenditures on research and development. reduce economic growth. reduce productivity. Answer: B

Which of the following does free trade encourage? more rapid spread of technology higher rates of economic growth domestic industries' access to larger markets all of the above Answer: D

The more certain private property rights are, the less people need to invest in education or human capital development. the less entrepreneurship there will be. the more capital accumulation there will be. the more an economy must grow to maintain a certain living standard. Answer: C

reduce economic growth by reducing per capita real GDP. The immediate effect of increased population growth, with real GDP growth unchanged, is to reduce economic growth by reducing per capita real GDP. increase economic growth by stimulating more saving. increase economic growth by boosting the capital stock. leave economic growth unchanged. Answer: A

The protection of property rights leads to more poverty. more illiteracy. more capital formation. unemployment. Answer: C

In the absence of well-defined property rights, we would likely find people with more incentives to take risks. people with less incentives to take risks. higher economic growth rates. increases in investment activity. Answer: B

a system of property rights. an educated population. an open economy. All of the following are listed in the text as being keys to economic development EXCEPT a system of property rights. an educated population. an open economy. a higher level of protectionism. Answer: D

The three stages of economic development include the agriculture stage, the manufacturing stage, and the service sector stage. the computerized stage, the agriculture stage, and the manufacturing stage. the feudal stage, the agriculture stage, and the totalitarian stage. the agriculture stage, the manufacturing stage, and the socialist stage. Answer: A

establishing a system of property rights Economists have determined that there are four factors that seem to strongly affect a nation's rate of economic development. Which is NOT one of these four factors? establishing a system of property rights developing an educated population supporting current industries and the jobs they provide instead of adopting new technology that brings disruptive social changes limiting the extent to which the government imposes trade barriers Answer: C

Which one of the following is a key to economic development? the removal of property rights the preservation of established means of production an educated population a high level of protection against imported products Answer: C