The Industrial Revolution Begins: Section 1 Note Taking Transparency 127 Industrial Revolution 1 of 12

The Industrial Revolution Begins Section 2: Britain Leads the Way Why Britain? Britain was able to quickly industrialize because of several factors: there were many natural resources; there were enough people who had grown rich from trade to finance new industries; there was a stable government that supported economic growth. What 3 reasons made Britain the first to industrialize? Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Why did the ride seem so strange to Fanny Kemble?” (There was no animal pulling them along—just a machine.) When showing Color Transparency 115, ask “Which invention most affected imports?” (cotton gin) “Which inventions most affected exports?” (flying shuttle, spinning jenny, water frame, factory) “How did more British imports affect slavery in America? (To grow more cotton to export, planters needed more slaves.) When showing Color Transparency 113, ask students to describe what was shipped on the canals and what replaced the canals. When showing Color Transparency 114, ask students why the route from Liverpool to Manchester was so vital. 2 of 12

The Industrial Revolution Begins: Section 3 Note Taking Transparency 129 Eventual What class grew as a result of the Industrial Revolution? 3 of 12

Life in the Industrial Age Section 1: The Industrial Revolution Spreads New Industrial Powers Emerge Despite Britain’s efforts to keep its inventions a secret, other nations, such as Germany and the United States, gained access to it industrial secrets and underwent their own industrial revolutions. Which country was the first to industrialize? What mode of transportation did Germany use during industrialization? Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “What is the main idea of Bridge’s quote?” (The process of turning molten metal into steel is an amazing process to watch.) “How does the painting reinforce this idea?” (The steel mill is portrayed as huge and awe-inspiring.) When showing Color Transparency 127, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion on modern technology. When showing Color Transparency 125, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion on the new technologies of the industrial age. When showing Color Transparency 126, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion on the widespread concern about the harmful effects of monopolies in the late 1800s. 4 of 12

Life In the Industrial Age: Section 1 Progress Monitoring Transparency Which region of the U.S. was the first to industrialize? 5 of 12

The Industrial Revolution Begins Section 4: New Ways of Thinking Laissez-Faire Economics Economists during the Enlightenment tried to grapple with how the Industrial Revolution would affect the working class. Views ranged from dire (Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo) to optimistic (Adam Smith). Capitalism is when money is invested in business ventures with the goal of making a profit. Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “According to The Communist Manifesto, how do owners view workers?” (as part of the machinery) “How does this affect workers?” (They are given simple, boring tasks.) 6 of 12

The Industrial Revolution Begins Section 4: New Ways of Thinking Karl Marx Explains Class Struggles German philosopher Karl Marx came up with the idea of communism as a solution to what he saw as a struggle between workers and business owners due to capitalism and the Industrial Revolution. Socialism and Utopianism were also developed. Communism would create a classless society in which all means of production would be owned by everyone equally. Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “According to The Communist Manifesto, how do owners view workers?” (as part of the machinery) “How does this affect workers?” (They are given simple, boring tasks.) Marxism in the Future Karl Marx wrote The Communist Manifesto, a short pamphlet that urged the working class (proletariat) to revolt against factory owners (bourgeoisie) and then establish economic equality by having no private property. 7 of 12

Life In the Industrial Age: Section 1 Note Taking Transparency 147 Was a gap growing between industrialized and non-industrialized countries? 8 of 12

Life in the Industrial Age Section 3: Changing Attitudes and Values A New Social Order Arises The Industrial Revolution altered the class structure in Western Europe. Some business owners entered the upper class. The middle class grew and developed a code of behavior in which slavery was viewed as morally wrong. Women Work for Rights Women who would work toward women’s rights often began their political activism in the antislavery movement. They debated the economic effects of slavery. By the late 1800s, some countries allowed married women to own and control property. In the early 1900s, women could vote in New Zealand, Australia, and some western U.S. territories. Was women fighting for equal rights a monumental change in society? Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “What is the main idea of Pankhurst’s speech?” (Winning the right to vote was crucial for women to have a say in legislation that could improve their lives.) “How does the photo show how important the right to vote was to these activists?” (They risked being arrested and jailed.) When showing Color Transparency 129, Use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion on the political cartoon on women’s suffrage. 9 of 12

Life In the Industrial Age: Section 4 Urbanization What type of migration pattern does this graph show? 10 of 12

Life In the Industrial Age: Section 4 Note Taking Transparency 150 11 of 12

Which art movements do these paintings belong to? ↑The Stone Breakers, by Gustave Courbet ↑Saturn Devouring His Children by Francisco Goya 12 of 12