INTRODUCTION TO THE BASQUE EDUCATION SYSTEM BAM Teacher Training University College University of Deusto, Bilbao (Spain) (Szeged, March, 2015) Marije Anakabe

INTRODUCTION TO SPAIN AND THE BASQUE COUNTRY. SOCIOLINGUISTIC CONTEXT OF THE BASQUE COUNTRY. THE BASQUE LANGUAGE. BILBAO: -THE UNIVERSITY OF DEUSTO. -BAM TEACHER TRAINING UNIVERSITY COLLEGE.

Where is Spain?

SPAIN Spain is constituted by 17 different autonomous communities. Each community rules its own territory. Spanish Central Government keeps some crucial issues for the whole nation such as Foreign Matters, Defence and several rules of major interest. Other competences such as Social, Educational and Health policies are run by every community government.

Where is the Basque Country? What is the Basque Country? Autonomous Community of the Basque Country Autonomous Community of Navarra Northern Basque Country

The Basque Country: Land of the Basque language. The Basque Country or Euskal Herria (land of the Basque language), as the nearly three million Basques call their nation, straddles the French-Spanish border along the western Pyrenees. Through the centuries, waves of Romans, Visigoths, Arabs, French and Spanish overran their country. But the Basques endured, often taking their traditions to the hills and forests for safekeeping. In 1980 the three Spanish provinces of Bizkaia, Araba and Gipuzkoa were officially joined as the Basque Autonomous Community. But the Basque Country is one nation in two countries: Basque is also spoken in three French provinces.

Sociolinguistic context of the Basque Country The Basque Country has inhabitants. Most of them, (73,25%), live in Southern Basque Country (Araba, Gipuzkoa and Bizkaia); (18,08%) live in Navarra and (8,68%) in the Northern Basque Country (Lapurdi, Benafarroa and Zuberoa). Spanish and Basque are the two official languages of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country and Navarra. There’s mayor legal restriction of the Basque language in the Northern Basque Country (France).

The Basque language The Basque language is an ancient language that truly unites the Basques. It was spoken here years ago, before the Indo-Europeans arrived and spread out across the continent. This no-Indoeuropean language shows no resemblance to languages in neighbouring countries, and this fact has led to the formulation of a variety of hypotheses to explain its existence. Owing to some similarities with the Georgian language, some linguists think it could be related to languages from the Caucasus. Others relate the language to non-Arabic languages from the north of Africa. One of the most likely hypotheses argues that the Basque language developed "in situ", in the land of the primitive Basques.

The Basque language Basque is an inflected language, the words we list here may have different suffixes depending on the case in which they are used, for example: etxe home / house etxearen belongs to the home / belongs to the house etxea the house etxeko of the house etxean at home / in the house etxetik from the house etxera to home etxerantz towards the house

The Basque Country

BILBAO Capital city of the province of Biscay, important harbour and home to nearly half the population and economic activity of the Basque Country. Population of metropolitan Bilbao: (5th largest Metropolitan area in Spain). In September of 1997, the city underwent a significant transformation under the emblematic symbol of the Bilbao Guggenheim Museum. The central headquarters of the University of Deusto is located on the opposite side of the estuary, facing the Guggenheim Museum.

University of Deusto

It was inaugurated in campuses: one in Bilbao and another one in San Sebastian students / teachers ( ) 19 BA Degrees /40 Masters / 7 Phd Programs international students. Faculties: I Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Faculty of Social and Human Sciences Faculty of Law Faculty of Engineering Faculty of Psychology and Education Faculty of Theology

BAM Teacher Training University College

Founded in Affiliated to the University of Deusto. 800 students. BA Primary Education. Specialization areas:  Physical Education.  English Teaching.  Arts and Music.  Science and Maths. BA Pre-School Education. Specialization areas:  Early introduction to languages (Basque-Spanish and English).  Arts and music.

BAM Teacher Training University College Courses in English at BAM:  English for Primary Teachers I (B2): 6 ECTS  English for Primary Teachers II (C1): 6 ECTS  English for Science Teachers: 6 ECTS  Mathematics Teaching (Geometry): 6 ECTS  Foreign Language Teaching I (Methodology): 6 ECTS  Foreign Language Teaching II (Methodology): 6 ECTS  Early introduction to English: 6 ECTS  Creative use of resources in the English classroom: 6 ECTS  Language and Communicative skills II: 3 ECTS  Spanish for foreign students (Levels A1-C1): 6 ECTS  Basque for foreign students: 6 ECTS

BAM Teacher Training College TEACHING PRACTICES AT BASQUE TRILINGUAL SCHOOLS (for international students): 5 weeks of practice + Report: 12 ECTS 14 weeks of practice (1 semester) + Report: 30 ECTS Areas for teaching practices in English at Primary Education (teaching 6-12 year olds):  English language  Natural and Social Science  Arts and Craft  Physical Education  Music  Technology

BASQUE EDUCATION SYSTEM

Basque Education System Nursery and Pre-School Level: It’s divided in two cycles: 1. Nursery ( 1st cycle)- From 0 to 3 years. Private in most Spain. In the Basque community 0-2 schools are partially financed by the Basque Government (Haurreskolak). 2. Infant or Pre-School (2nd cycle)- From 3 to 6 years. Not compulsory, but covered in 100% in the public system that offers a free place in every school.

Basque Education System Compulsory Education (6-16):  Primary Education- From 6 to 12 years. Divided in three two-year cycles. Main goals to be achieved by the end of the second year of each cycle.  Secondary Education- From 12 to 16 years. Divided in two two-year cycles. A qualifying system with exams. Sudents get a General Certificate of Secondary Education (Graduado en Secundaria).

Basque Education System Post-Compulsory Secondary Education  Baccaulerate or Bachillerato (2 years before University): Only for those students who qualify at the end of Compulsory Secondary Education. Four different paths. National Exam for all the students who qualify at the end, to gain the access to University studies.  Professional Education: Technical or Professional studies divided in two cycles to achieve a low or high–level Degree for a certain work.

Trilingual Education The Basque Country is a bilingual community but Spanish is the majority language (100%) and Basque is only spoken by 40% of the population (minority language). In Basque schools the third language (English) is introduced from kindergarten and at Primary and Secondary Levels students can study subjects such as Science, Arts & Craft, Music and Physical Education in English too (Basque-Spanish-English). The fourth Language (French) is optional at Secondary Education. Parents choose the language they want their children to be taught among three models.

The 3 Linguistic Models of schooling Three linguistic models were introduced into the Education System as a result of the 1983 law which established the use of Basque at pre-university levels in the Basque autonomous community. Basque children can complete their studies in one of the three following models:  MODEL A: All learning is carried out in Spanish. Basque is just another school curriculum subject. (4 to 5 hours per week)  MODEL B: Both languages are used as means for learning, about 50% in each.  MODEL D: All learning is carried out in Basque. Spanish is just another subject (4 to 5 hours per week). English is taught as a foreign language in the three models from Nursery- Pre-School. Bilingual models increasing and showing better academic results.

The figures for students enrolled in Model D have increased, while those enrolled in Model A have decreased Model A: 72.8%, Model B: 10.5%, Model D: 16.5% Model A: 30.6%, Model B: 22.5%, Model D: 46.4% Lasagabaster, D., and Huguet, A., Multilingualism in European Bilingual Contexts: Language Use and Attitudes, (Clevedon, [England], Buffalo, Multilingual Matters, 2007) p.69 Which linguistic model has become the most Popular?

Main goals for languages Main goals for languages at Compulsory Secondary Education:  At the end (age 16) students should achieve B2 Level of the European Framework of Reference of Languages both in Spanish and in Basque and B1 Level in English.  Current research ( states that children who attend D model schools perform better in the three languages showing higher academic results.

English programs for Primary Education (all of them based on teaching content from other curricular areas in English):  ELEANITZ program  INEBI program (watch DVD)  Mondragon Lingua program  AMCO program