BA 10/1 1. What are the 3 reasons for the Scientific Revolution? 2. What did Copernicus discover? 3. Why is the Church against the discoveries of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo?

Enlightenment SSWH13 The student will examine the intellectual, political, social, and economic factors that changed the world view of Europeans. b. Identify the major ideas of the Enlightenment from the writings of Locke, Voltaire, and Rousseau and their relationship to politics and society

Essential Question How did the introduction of new ideas, concepts, and beliefs lead to political, economic and social changes?

Background Scientific Revolution offers new ways of thinking People begin to reevaluate beliefs regarding government, religion, economics, and education Enlightenment: movement that stresses reason and thought along with the power of individuals to solve problems  AKA: Age of Reason Ideas started by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke and spread throughout Europe

Great Philosophers of the Enlightenment England: 1. John Locke 2. Thomas Hobbes France: 1. Voltaire 2. Jean Jacques Rousseau

John Locke

Believes people can learn from experience and improve themselves (“Tabula Rasa” Blank Slate) People have the natural ability to govern themselves All people are born with 3 natural rights: 1. Life, Liberty, Property Government designed to protect natural rights  If government fails, citizens have the right to overthrow it Importance: foundation of U.S. and European democracy

Voltaire

French philosopher Publishes over 70 books of political essays, philosophy, and drama Writes about tolerance, reason, freedom of religion, and freedom of speech Uses satire against clergy, aristocracy, and government  Imprisoned twice and exiled to England for 2 years Satire: artistic style of using humor to ridicule practices of a society

The War King

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Committed to individual freedom  Civilization corrupted people  direct democracy Direct democracy: government is formed by the people and guided by the general will of society

Jean Jacques Rousseau continued 2 major features: 1. All people are equal 2. Abolish titles of nobility Ideas inspire leaders of French Revolution

Enlightenment’s Legacy 1. Challenges establish ideas of society: A. Divine right B. Union of church and state C. Unequal social classes D. Slavery 2. Inspires American and French revolution

Enlightenment’s Legacy continued 3. Reason could solve social problems 4. More secular outlook on world 5. Rise of individualism  Judge right or wrong personally not through church’s guidance

Satire Assignment Today we have examined the Enlightenment and the impact of English and French philosophers. One of the most famous philosophers was Voltaire. Voltaire used satire as a means of bringing humor and attention to areas of society that needed to change. Your goal is to create your own satire work. Choose a part of society that you think should be changed (ex: school rules, war, politics, etc.) Create an APPROPRIATE drawing or story that uses humor to bring about the change you want and be prepared to present in front of the class. More on satire pg. 635