Chapter 21 Civil Rights: Equal Justice Under Law

Black Codes laws passed by Southern law- makers after the Civil War denied African-Americans of many of their rights: -voting -jury duty regulated their work habits

Another purpose for the black codes was to separate blacks from whites in society. Segregate

Congressional reaction to Black Codes: Civil Rights Act of 1866 guaranteed blacks the citizenship and civil rights enjoyed by other Americans protected blacks from state laws that were discriminatory

Amendment 14 state and local governments must respect certain civil rights state and local governments are required to protect these rights as well

Jim Crow Laws acts passed by legislatures in the South designed to segregate and legalize discrimination [although segregation was not usually written into state law in the North, the practice was common in housing, public places, and schools]

Plessy v. Ferguson case heard by the Supreme Court in 1896 segregation legal as long as “equal” facilities were provided for both blacks and whites

Civil Rights Movement Blacks began to organize and work for rights in the early-1900s: achieved some reforms in: -voting rights -housing -employment -armed forces

Civil Rights groups NAACP, or the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People SCLC, or Southern Christian Leadership Conference CORE, or Congress for Racial Equality

Strategies used: non-violent sit-ins marches boycotts lawsuits violence