Do Now 1.Define respiration 1.Why do organisms need energy? 1.What part of the organism actually uses the energy? 1.Which organic compound provides immediate energy for living organisms?

Glucose molecule= C 6 H 12 O 6

Write a summary equation for cellular respiration

AIM: How do cells release the energy from the glucose molecule? I. Two kinds of respiration A.Anaerobic B.Aerobic II. Two levels of respiration A.Cellular- Chemical reaction B.Organism- How organisms exchange respiratory gases (CO2 and O2)

Cellular respiration A.Anaerobic Respiration (aka Fermentation) 1.Word equation Yeast: (Important in brewing and baking) Glucose  Alcohol + Carbon dioxide + Energy C 6 H 12 O 6  C 2 H 5 OH + CO 2 + ATP Animals: (In muscle cells during exercise) Glucose  Lactic Acid + Energy C 6 H 12 O 6  C 3 H 6 O 3 + ATP

2. Chemical Reaction

DO NOW Summary equation for anaerobic respiration:

Word equation: Chemical reaction:

Summary What is the MAIN product of respiration? What are the by-products of aerobic respiration? What is the net gain of ATP molecules per each glucose molecule? Are there any C-C or C-H bonds left in the by- products? Name 2 aerobes

Write a summary equation for aerobic respiration Which process produces more energy for the cell to use? How do you know? Which process is more efficient? How do you know?

Do Now Which biochemical is needed by organisms to carry out the life processes? From where do organisms get this biochemical? Where in an organism does the chemical process of respiration take place? What is ATP?

Organisms need substances called adenine and phosphates to build ATP molecules. From where do organisms get these materials? (Think-pair-share)

ATP ATP works like a rechargeable battery. Energy can be released by converting ATP to ADP, which is like the “uncharged” form. By binding to a phosphate group, ADP can be converted back to ATP the “charged” form.

Check your understanding… In living plants, when does respiration occur? 1.only during digestion 2.only in the daytime 3.only in total darkness 4.all the time A compound that is synthesized by both humans and geranium plants is 1.cellulose 2.ATP 3.ethyl alcohol 4.chlorophyll

In humans, which substance is produced anaerobically during strenuous activity? 1.lactic acid 2.glycogen 3.carbon dioxide 4.alcohol Which process provides most of the oxygen found in Earth's atmosphere? 1.photosynthesis 2.aerobic respiration 3.dehydration synthesis 4.fermentation In the process of photosynthesis, chlorophyll serves as 1.an end-product 2.a raw material 3.an energy converter 4.a hydrogen acceptor Through the use of oxygen-18 (heavy oxygen), scientists have found that the oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from molecules of 1.carbon dioxide 2.water 3.glucose 4.chlorophyll

18 The diagram below represents a plant cell. Which process takes place in structure A? (1) cellular respiration (2) heterotrophic nutrition (3) digestion of fats (4) protein synthesis Regents Practice Question # 9

19 The diagram below represents a biochemical process. Which molecule is represented by X? (1) DNA (2) protein(3) starch (4) ATP Regents Practice Question # 11

20 Regents Practice Question # 12 In what way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar? (1) They both occur in chloroplasts. (2) They both require sunlight. (3) They both involve organic and inorganic molecules. (4) They both require oxygen and produce carbon dioxide

21. The diagram below represents a cell found in some complex organisms. The enlarged section represents an organelle, labeled X, found in this cell. Describe the function of organelle X and explain how it is important to the survival of the cell. In your answer, be sure to: identify organelle X [1] state the process that this organelle performs [1] identify the two raw materials that are needed for this process to occur [1] identify one molecule produced by this organelle and explain why it is important to the organism [2] Regents Practice Question # 13

22 Regents Practice Question # 13 (Answer) Organelle x is the mitochondria It is the site for cellular respiration to take place. Glucose and Oxygen are the raw materials. ATP is a molecule that is produced from cellular respiration. It is important because it is the fuel for the cell.