QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE AND ITS DELIVERY LINK THROUGH EDUCATION AND TRAINING By Dr. Hamdan AL FAZARI Pro-Vice Chancellor - Resources, Sohar University, Oman SITRAER 2014, São Paulo

 Due to its relationship and strong link with flight safety.  Maintenance errors are vital when they occur. Introduction Why is the quality of aircraft maintenance important ? SITRAER 2014, São Paulo

C ost of Australian aviation accidents (153 accidents) 2003/2004 ($ 114 million) Aircraft Maintenance and Quality Management Systems SITRAER 2014, São Paulo

 The increase in sophistication of modern aircraft  Aircraft cannot be repaired in the air  Fierce competition in the aviation sector  Maintenance is very expensive The need for Quality Management in aircraft maintenance is due to: Aircraft Maintenance and Quality Management Systems SITRAER 2014, São Paulo

The aircraft maintenance quality system needs to adopt stringent quality standards and procedures SITRAER 2014, São Paulo Example of Aircraft Maintenance Process

The aircraft maintenance quality system operates in closed- loop through different feedback control processes Aircraft Maintenance and Quality Management Systems SITRAER 2014, São Paulo

EASA REGULATORY STRUCTURE IR CERTIFICATION IR OPS BASIC REGULATION 216/2008 IR MAINTENANCE 2042/2003 ANNEX IV PART 147 ANNEX II PART 145 ANNEX III PART 66 ANNEX I PART M IR MAINTENANCE 2042/2003 ANNEX IV PART 147 ANNEX III PART 66 OPERATIONS This includes elements such as Operator Certification, Certification of Airworthiness and place of business. Part of this regulation is to operate under Implementation Rule (IR) 2042 / 2003 This rule includes the requirement to operate aircraft under four parts Continuing Airworthiness including management and a requirement to service aircraft under regulation EASA 145. Part 66 the maintenance technician licence which sets out the required three training category levels: Category A, B, C which are normally completed at an approved EASA 147 Training Organisations. EASA Part-147 training organisation approval allows the organisation to become an examination centre, to issue certificates of recognition and type training. Part 145 – Maintenance of aircraft repair station approval which includes 1) a Maintenance Organisation Exposition (MOE), 2) documented set of procedures and 3) a compliance matrix to show how they meet the requirements of Part-145. These requirements include the use of EASA 66 technicians to provide the mandatory ‘Certificate of Release to Service’ on completion of any maintenance on a registered aircraft. The part 145 organization has the authority to approve aircraft for return to service. Classical Aircraft Maintenance Regulations SITRAER 2014, São Paulo

The high and uniform EASA Parts 66, 145, 147:  Maintenance Training Organization standards  Maintenance Organization standards  Maintenance Licence standards, Have been adopted by the majority of international civil aviation maintenance organizations, including Oman Air in Oman. SITRAER 2014, São Paulo Advanced Aircraft Maintenance Regulations

Non EASA military technician degrees are not new Aircraft Technician Degrees SITRAER 2014, São Paulo

Civil EASA 147 / 66 RAeS IEng accredited / approved degree is also not new Aircraft Technician Degrees

EASA 145 / 66 /147 is a recent development for some civil type military operations in developed countries Aircraft Technician Degrees

Poor Integration of Concepts in Aviation Bodies of Knowledge Military Aviation EASA (Civil Aviation) Degree (OQF FHEQ ) Professional Body (RAeS)

Adopting 147 / 66 RAeS degree standard for all military technicians for common military / civil aviation topics and gaining experience / licence privileges in a military 145 operation is the application of a first world standard. A Fisrt World Standard - The Way Forward A view of the Military Technological College

In order to comply with best international practice, MTC will be articulating four requirements together in one Aircraft Technician program; 1) The TNA defined military aircraft technician Mechanical and Avionics requirements on top of the EASA general aircraft technician program. 2) The EASA Part 147 / 66 basic knowledge and Certificate of Recognition (CoR) requirements. 3) The first three years of an internationally awarded and OQF and RAeS compliant BSc degree. 4) The military (Air Force) to become EASA 145 maintenance organization approved to meet the EASA Part 145 requirements. Towards EASA World Standard

Proposed Concept for Aircraft Maintenance Bodies of Knowledge Military Aviation EASA (Civil Aviation) Degree (OQF FHEQ ) Professional Body (RAeS)

PG Degree120 OQF level 6 (FHEQ 8). PG Degree120 OQF level 5 (FHEQ 7). Foundation Diploma 120 OQF Level 2(FHEQ 4). Degree120 OQF level 4(FHEQ 6) OAAA OQF / EU FHEQ Alignment Higher Diploma 120 OQF level 3(FHEQ 5). External Awards Competence / Career path Experience / OJT / Career Path BSc First Cycle H / Diploma Short Cycle Intermediate Year 120 OQF Level 1(FHEQ 3). MTC Programme Foundation English External Degree IEng, EASA C Licence EASA 147 B CoR MSc English or IELTS 5.5 I Mech E Eng Tech BSc 4 MTC Award PhD Third Cycle PhD MSc Second Cycle MSc CEng Semester 3- Experience Semester Semester BSc3 BSc2 BSc1 Semester 3- Experience Semester Semester Semester 3- Experience Semester Semester Analysis - How MTC will meet the EASA 147 and EASA 66 licence requirements Military Technological College Framework

Aircraft Engineering Training Program(Category B1) LEADING TO A-LICENCE LEADING TO B-LICENCE Honours Degree Aircraft Technology and Materials AE3110 Aircraft Technology and Materials AE3110 Aircraft Maintenance and Logistics AE3111 Aircraft Maintenance and Logistics AE3111 Aircraft Engineering Group Project AE33310 (double module) Aircraft Engineering Group Project AE33310 (double module) Aircraft Engineering Group Project AE3331 (double module) Aircraft Engineering Group Project AE3331 (double module) Quality MN3153 Quality MN3153 Business Applications in Engineering EG3080 Business Applications in Engineering EG3080 Individual Project EG 3182 (double module) Individual Project EG 3182 (double module) Individual Project EG 3182 (double module) Individual Project EG 3182 (double module) STAGE 4 Higher Diploma Engineering Fundamentals Engineering Fundamentals AE0301 EASA 1/2/3 ) Aerodynamics & Systems AE0302 (JAR 5/8) Aerodynamics & Electronic Instrument Systems AE0302 EASA 5/8 ) Aircraft Materials & Hardware AE0303 (JAR 6) Aircraft Materials & Hardware AE0303 (EASA 6 ) AE0304 (JAR 7) Aircraft Maintenance AE0304 (JAR 7) Human Factors & Aviation Legislation AE0305 (JAR 9/10 Human Factors & Aviation Legislation AE0305 (EASA 9/10 ) Aeroplanes A AE0306 (JAR 11) Aeroplanes A AE0306 EASA 11 ) Aeroplanes B AE0307 (JAR11) Aeroplanes B AE0307 (EASA11) Turbine Engines & Propellers Turbine Engines & Propellers AE0308 (EASA 15/17 ) STAGE 1 AE1311 (JAR 1) Technology Maths 1 AE1311 (JAR 1) Engineering & Aviation Science AE1312 (JAR 2) Engineering & Aviation Science AE1312 (JAR 2) Electrical Engineering A AE1313 (JAR 3) Electrical Engineering A AE1313 (JAR 3) Aviation Legislation AE1314 (JAR 10) Aviation Legislation AE1314 (JAR 10) Human Factors & System AE1315 (JAR 9) Human Factors & Safety Management System AE1315 (EASA 9) Materials & Hardware AE2316 (JAR 6) Materials & Hardware AE2316 (JAR 6 ) Maintenance Practices A AE1317 (JAR 7) Maintenance Practices A AE1317 (JAR 7) Maintenance Practices B AE2318 (JAR 7) STAGE 2 Workshop and Hangar Practice EA Activity AE1301 (JAR 6/7) Workshop and Hangar Practice EA Activity AE1301 (EASA 6/7) Electrical Engineering B AE2321 (JAR 3) Electrical Engineering B AE2321 (EASA 3) Techniques Electronics & Digital Techniques AE2322 (EASA 4 & 5) Aircraft Digital Systems AE2323 (JAR 5) Aircraft Digital Systems AE2323 ( EASA 5) Aerodynamics AE2324 (JAR 8) Aerodynamics AE2324 EASA 8) Propulsion Systems AE3327 (EASA 15 ) Turbine Engines & Propellers AE3328 (EASA 15/17) STAGE 3 Aircraft Hangar Training EA Activity AE2302 (JAR 11/15/17) Aircraft Hangar Training EA Activity AE2302 (EASA 11/15/17 ) Aerodynamics Structures & Systems B AE3326 (EASA 11) Aerodynamics Structures & Systems A AE3325 (EASA 11) Workshop and Hangar Practice EA Activity AE0309 Workshop and Hangar Practice EA Activity AE0309 (EASA 6/7/11/15/17 ) 60 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level All levels are in line with the OQF and the European FHEQ standards 2. All modules are aligned with EASA 66 requirements 3. Year 1 and 1 yr experience leads to A licence. Year 2 and 3 to EASA 66 B CoR and, with 2 yrs experience, to B licence. Year 4 to an honurs degree, the top C licence, and RAeS Incorporated Engineer 4. ABET is achieved through the Sydney Accord 60 OQF Level 1(FHEQ 3). OQF Level 2 (FHEQ 4) OQF level 3(FHEQ 5) OQF level 4(FHEQ 6) LEADING TO C-LICENCE Certificate of Recognition Incorporated Engineer

Analysis - How MTC will meet the EASA 147 and EASA 66 licence requirements Experience CAA Approval EASA 147 Basic Training (EASA HG Approved EASA RequirementsSolution Two years experience + licence within 10 years (one year must be civil) otherwise B Licence modules are time out 1.Complete One year civil at Oman Air and gain A license or 2.Resit exams at 10 year point kg 145 Civil Operational Aircraft Use surplus civil type Air Force Aircraft or Oman Air Aircraft Licensed Log Experience Book Sign Off Staff MTC Employ licensed Engineers to run / oversee / Experience / sign off MTC aircraft at Air Force / Oman Air Accomplished and known HoD, DHoDs who deliver exposition, courseware, + exam bank and resources (aircraft) The appointment of EASA Degree + RAeS experienced staff and resourcing 8 weeks of 40% delivered in maintenance environment Delivered in MTC 145 simulated environment using functional but not flying aircraft 2400Hours GLHsDelivered at MTC over 4 years (Foundation + BEng1 + BEng2 + BEng3 leaving time for other military topics License

Part 145 Corporate Board Accountable Manager Maintenance Manager Workshop ManagerQuality Manager Planning Personnel Maintenance Personnel Aircraft Release to Service Personnel Component Release to Service Personnel Quality Auditing Personnel Technical Records Personnel Engineering Director The adopted EASA 145 Operation Structure

4 Yrs Military Experience & B License 15 + Yrs Military Aircraft Technician Career EASA 147 Basic Training 2400hrs B Module Exams Completed At MTC Continued Civilian Aircraft Technician Career Validity of modules continues due to achievement of civil A license Knowledge EASA 145 Maintenance Experience 3 Semesters x 4months=12 Months at Air Force or Oman Air EASA A License Experience MTC 4 yrs (F+3) Analysis Scenario A - How MTC will meet the EASA 147 and EASA 66 licence requirements - Air Force Aircraft B1 or B2 Technician with Civil experience

4 Yr Military Aircraft Experience 15 + Yrs Military Aircraft Technician Career EASA 147 Basic Training 2400hrs and Modules Completed at MTC Continued Civilian Aircraft Technician Career Validity of 147 modules limited to 10 years for EASA Knowledge Military Maintenance Aircraft Experience at MTC 3 semesters x 4months = 12 Months Experience Analysis - Scenario B - How MTC will meet the EASA 147 and EASA 66 licence requirements - Air Force Aircraft B1 or B2 Technician without Civil experience Module refresh before 10 yrs One yr Civil experience B license MTC 4 yrs (F+3)

Completion of MTC training One Year EASA 145 organisation experience Air Force or Oman Air 40% practical 8 weeks simulated 145 Semester 1 and 2 Year 3 Semester 1 and 2 Year 2 Semester 1 and 2 Year 1 Semester 3 Year 1 EASSA 66 Certificate of Recognition Semester 3 Year 2 Semester 3 Year 3 EASA 147 Training / Degree A Licence 4 years Military non 145 experience and 1 year Air Force/Oman Air/ROP EASA 145 experience B Licence Experience The Steps Towards an EASA B Licence Experience Completion of MTC BSc 3 training.

Summary To achieve its training objectives, MTC will be articulating four requirements together in one aircraft technician program: a. The TNA – Air Force defined B1 Mechanical and B2 Avionics requirements on top of the EASA general aircraft technician program. b. The EASA Part 147 / 66 basic knowledge and Certificate of Recognition (CoR) requirements. c. The first three years of an internationally awarded and OQF compliant BSc degree. d. The Air Force to become EASA 145 maintenance organization approved to meet the EASA Part 145 requirements. SITRAER 2014, São Paulo

Conclusion It is expected that the proposed training framework will achieve the following goals: - MTC delivering the EASA Part 147/66 basic knowledge and Certificate of Recognition (CoR) requirements with internationally awarded degrees and the Air Force as EASA 145 approved maintenance organization will put Oman Militray fully on the EASA international map. - Insure quality and standards in servicing of aircraft. - Provide a rigorous process in aircraft technician through education and training -Satisfy customers by delivering an excellent end product of Militray trained technicians and engineers to work for air lines. SITRAER 2014, São Paulo

Thank you very much for for your attention SITRAER 2014, São Paulo