How to Build a Digital-Physical System-Lab Assegid Kidané Fall 2014

Web and Contact Info (cell) Stauffers B room 220a

Outline Week 1- Introduction, overview, breadboard, safety, rules, Fritzing, Components, Arduino IDE Week 2 - Ohms law, conventions, test equipment, Wire stripping and soldering, LED blinking Week 3 - Arduino hardware and software Week 4 and on - Various functions and combination setups

The Big Picture

Steps Define problem and goals clearly Develop flowchart and algorithm Select main components Develop hardware and software Put it together and test Iterate until goals are met

Circuit Elements Resisitors, Capacitors, Diodes, Transistors Integrated Circuits Subgroup of ICs  Microcontrollers (pic, Atmega etc.) Microcontroller development boards  Arduino

Breadboarding Provides connectivity Allows reconfiguration

Connectivity Under the Hood

Wiring Pattern

Soldering Make permanent connections on the PCB

Test Equipment Multimeter Oscilloscope Signal Generator Power Supply Logic Analyzer Hand tools

Multimeter Use to measure Voltage, Current and Resistance  Some measure frequency, capacitance, temperature and more *** Caution***  Take extra care when measuring current  Start with a selection higher than the highest expected value

General Architecture Participatory Environment ( Installation, Performance)  Sensing  Data Processing  Actuation and Feedback

environment sensing Computing Feedback & Actuators

Sensors Motion  Position, Acceleration, Rotation Pressure Light Sound Temperature Biometric sensors

Some Sensors

Data Processing Desktop, Laptop Single Board Computer (SBC, Raspberry pi, Beagleboard) Physical Computing Platform (Arduino, Parallax, mbed) Develop using a microcontroller (Pic, Atmega, 8051)

Some Processors

Introduction to the Arduino Environment Arduino Uno Arduino mini pro (5V, 3.3V, 8Mhz, 16Mhz) Arduino Mega Arduino Nano Arduino Due Arduino Yun ATmega Micro controllers Bootloader Installed Open Source IDE for Windows, OSx and Linux

Arduino Uno 14 Digital I/Os 6 Analog Inputs 6 PWM Outputs USB Connectivity and Programming USB bus or External Power 16MHz Clock and 32KB Flash Memory

Arduino Uno Cont’d USB Port External Power Digital I/Os, PWM, Serial Port Analog Inputs Power and Reset

Arduino Programming Simple Fast No programming hardware needed*

Sample Code Read a sensor  Data = analogRead(pin) Control analog devices(motor, light, etc)  analogWrite(pin, strength) Read a digital signal  digitalRead(pin) Output a digital signal  digitalWrite(pin, HIGH)

Output & Actuation Video displays, Projectors Speakers Lights Motors Haptic feedback devices

Actuators & Output Devices

Max/MSP Allows sophisticated audio and video manipulation and feedback Puredata for an OpenSource alternative with little graphics Many objects exist to interface with almost anything. Either direct or from 3 rd party developers.

Maker Shed Ultimate Kit Arduino Uno LEDs (6) RGB LEDs (3) Servo motor LCD Screen FSR Piezzo CDS light sensor Mini breadboard Vibrating motor Push button switch Tilt sensor Speaker 10K potentiometer

More Modules...

Safety Considerations Avoid cobweb wiring Monitor current consumption when using power supplies Use solid wires on breadboards

Resources Books Physical Computing, O'Sullivan and Igoe The Art of Electronics, Horowitz and Hill

Questions?? Thank you