NIST framework vs TENACE Protect Function (Sestriere, Gennaio 2015)

Protect Function «Develop and implement the appropriate safeguards to ensure delivery of critical infrastructure services» part of the Framework Core one of the 5 Functions (Identify, Detect, Respond, Recover) set of activities to limit/contain the impact of a potential cybersecurity event how to map these activities in TENACE?

Categories Protect Function is composed by categories: – Access Control (PR.AC) – Awareness and Training (PR.AT) – Data Security (PR.DS) – Information Protection Processes and Procedures (PR.IP) – Maintenance (PR.MA) – Protective Technology (PR.PT)

NIST vs TENACE at a glance Where is the Protect function?

Review of the TENACE framework the current TENACE framework mostly highlights the Detect and Respond functions other functions are certainly present but don’t appear (e.g., Protect) actions – make the other functions to emerge – look through deliverables to determine coverage identify – gaps – future actions / directions

Access Control «Access to assets and associated facilities is limited to authorized users, processes, or devices, and to authorized activities and transactions» Sub-categoryTENACE Identities and credentials are managed for authorized devices and users Yes (as a requirement) Physical access to assets is managed and protectedYes (uniparthenope) Remote access is managedYes (as a requirement) Access permissions are managed, incorporating the principles of least privilege and separation of duties Yes (as a requirement) Network integrity is protected, incorporating network segregation where appropriate ? (as a requirement)

Awareness & Training «The organization’s personnel and partners are provided cybersecurity awareness education and are adequately trained to perform their information security-related duties and responsibilities consistent with related policies, procedures, and agreements» Sub-categoryTENACE All users are informed and trainedNot addressed Privileged users understand roles & responsibilitiesNot addressed Third-party stakeholders (e.g., suppliers, customers, partners) understand roles & responsibilities Not addressed Senior executives understand roles & responsibilitiesNot addressed Physical and information security personnel understand roles & responsibilities Not addressed

Data Security «Information and records (data) are managed consistent with the organization’s risk strategy to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information» Sub-categoryTENACE Data-at-rest is protectedYes Data-in-transit is protectedYes Assets are formally managed throughout removal, transfers, and disposition Not addressed Adequate capacity to ensure availability is maintainedYes (D2a, ?) Protections against data leaks are implementedyes (partially) Integrity checking mechanisms are used to verify software, firmware, and information integrity Yes (D2a, ?) The development and testing environment(s) are separate from the production environment Yes (as a requirement)

Information Protection Processes and Procedures «Security policies (that address purpose, scope, roles, responsibilities, management commitment, and coordination among organizational entities), processes, and procedures are maintained and used to manage protection of information systems and assets» Sub-categoryTENACE A baseline configuration of information technology/industrial control systems is created and maintained ? A System Development Life Cycle to manage systems is implemented ? Configuration change control processes are in placeYes Backups of information are conducted, maintained, and tested periodically Not addressed Policy and regulations regarding the physical operating environment for organizational assets are met Not addressed

Information Protection Processes and Procedures (2) Sub-categoryTENACE Data is destroyed according to policyNo Protection processes are continuously improvedYes Effectiveness of protection technologies is shared with appropriate parties No (check) Response plans (Incident Response and Business Continuity) and recovery plans (Incident Recovery and Disaster Recovery) are in place and managed ? Response and recovery plans are tested? Cybersecurity is included in human resources practices (e.g., deprovisioning, personnel screening) ? A vulnerability management plan is developed and implemented Yes (check)

Protective Technology «Technical security solutions are managed to ensure the security and resilience of systems and assets, consistent with related policies, procedures, and agreements» Sub-categoryTENACE Audit/log records are determined, documented, implemented, and reviewed in accordance with policy Yes Removable media is protected and its use restricted according to policy No Access to systems and assets is controlled, incorporating the principle of least functionality Yes (as a requirement) Communications and control networks are protectedYes (as a requirement)

Maintenance «Maintenance and repairs of industrial control and information system components is performed consistent with policies and procedures» Sub-categoryTENACE Maintenance and repair of organizational assets is performed and logged in a timely manner, with approved and controlled tools ? Remote maintenance of organizational assets is approved, logged, and performed in a manner that prevents unauthorized access ?