COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT IN MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING: DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION WRITTEN BY NANCY CALLEY; PRESENTED BY CRYSTAL, CHRISTIE, AND RACHEL

INTRODUCING AN INTEGRATIVE PRACTICE MODEL! MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELORS MUST BE COMPETENT IN PROGRAM DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, AND SUSTAINABILITY A MODEL THAT COMBINES SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE AND BUSINESS PRINCIPALS. THE MODEL CONSISTS OF 12 SEQUENTIAL, INTERRELATED PHASES ZOINKS!

AS SOCIETY EVOLVES, COUNSELORS FIND THEMSELVES TREATING AN INCREASING NUMBER OF SPECIALIZED CLINICAL ISSUES

RESEARCH HAS NOT ADDRESSED THE PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION AND SUSTAINABILITY $$$ MANAGED CARE $$$ DEMANDS EBP (EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE) BEST PRACTICE LITERATURE TOPICS: ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF VIOLENCE, TREATMENT OF OBSESSIVE- COMPULSIVE DISORDER, TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION, CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR SPECIALIZED POPULATIONS OF JUVENILE SEX OFFENDERS, ADULT MALE SURVIVORS OF TRAUMA

RESEARCH PROPOSALS; HOPEFUL AMBITIONS WILDERNESS THERAPY (HILL, 2007) RAPE SURVIVOR TREATMENT (HENSLEY, 2002); AND OUTREACH STRATEGIES FOR FEMALE IMMIGRANTS AND REFUGEES (KHAMPHAKDY-BROWN, JONES, & NILSSON, 2006).

EMERGING IS A SMALL BODY OF WORK THAT EXPLORES OTHER FACTORS RELATED TO CLINICAL PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT, SUCH AS COST ANALYSES OF PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION (CHATTERJI, CAFFRAY, & CROWE, 2004; WILDERMAN, 2005), THAT PROMOTE A PRACTICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT. DONAHUE, LANZARA, FELTON, AND CHIP (2006) HAVE ALSO EXAMINED THE ROLE OF INTERAGENCY COLLABORATION IN PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT.

PHASE I: ESTABLISHING THE NEED FOR THE PROGRAM PHASE II: ESTABLISHING A RESEARCH BASIS FOR THE PROGRAM DESIGN PHASE II.A: IDENTIFYING MULTICULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR PROGRAM DESIGN PHASE III: DESIGNING THE CLINICAL PROGRAM PHASE IV: DEVELOPING THE STAFFING INFRASTRUCTURE THE PLAN

PHASE V: IDENTIFYING AND ENGAGING COMMUNITY RESOURCES PHASE VI: DRAFTING MULTIYEAR FINANCIAL PROJECTIONS PHASE VII: IDENTIFYING POTENTIAL FUNDING SOURCES PHASE VIII: BUILDING AND PRESERVING RELATIONSHIPS WITH COMMUNITY RESOURCES THE FINANCIAL PHASES

PHASE IX: DRAFTING THE ADVOCACY PLAN PHASE X: DESIGNING EVALUATION PROCEDURES PHASE XI: DEVELOPING THE DATA REPORTING PLAN PHASE XII: ACCREDITATION PLANNING

SPECIAL NOTE: ACCREDITATION AMONG THE NATIONAL ACCREDITING BODIES SPECIFIC TO CLINICAL PROGRAMS ARE THE COUNCIL ON ACCREDITATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES (COA) AND THE JOINT COUNCIL ON ACCREDITATION OF HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS (JCAHO). ACCREDITATION EXPENSES SHOULD BE BUILT INTO THE INITIAL ANNUAL BUDGET

COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT IN MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING INVOLVES DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION USE OF THE MODEL MAY HELP MAKE US COMPETITIVE AGAINST OTHER MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN THE 21 ST CENTURY.

THE NEED FOR A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO PROGRAM PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT, AND EVALUATION WRITTEN BY: WAYNE N. WELSH THE NEED FOR PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT IS ALSO STRESSED BETWEEN POLICY MAKERS AND RESEARCHERS THE COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH OF PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT, AND EVALUATION OF PROGRAMS WILL INCREASE THE OUTCOMES LEADING TO RECIDIVISM. SUCCESSFUL INTERVENTIONS ARE GENERATED THROUGH A SEVEN STAGE MODEL APPROACH

THE NEED FOR DETAILED PROGRAM DESCRIPTIONS VARIABLES WITHIN PROGRAM FEATURES MUST BE DESCRIBED ACCURATELY FOR THE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTED IT IS CRUCIAL FOR THE VARIABLES TO BE RELEVANT FOR THE PARTICULAR STUDY TARGETED MAPPING AN INTERVENTION APPROACH CREATES A SUCCESSFUL AND MORE MEANINGFUL IMPACT ON THE OUTCOME

PRE-EVALUATION RESEARCH! EACH PROGRAM IS VERY UNIQUE, THEREFORE, THERE ARE MANY FACTORS THAT NEED TO BE CAREFULLY ASSESSED IN ORDER TO ENSURE THE QUALITY OF THE VARIABLES IN QUESTION.

EVALUATION OF A PROGRAM TWO CRITERIA 1. EVALUABILITY ASSESSMENT – OBJECTIVES NEED TO BE CLEARLY SPECIFIED AND MEASUREABLE! PROGRAM GOALS, COMPONENTS, AND OBJECTIVES CAN BE CONSTRUCTED THRU EXAMINATION WITH PROGRAM ADMINISTRATORS, STAFF, AND CLIENTS. DETERMINE WHICH RESOURCES ARE OF VALUE FOR THE PROGRAM. 2. PROCESS EVALUATION – NEEDS TO BE SUFFICIENT FOR CLIENTS AND WELL DESIGNED. A THOROUGH REVIEW OF WHAT IS ON PAPER VS. WHAT IS IN ACTION NEEDS TO BE CONDUCTED THRU INTERVIEWS, OBSERVATION, AND SURVEYS. DETERMINE THAT ALL COMPONENTS ARE BEING PROCESSED AS PLANNED.

STRONG INFERENCE DESIGN A STRONG INFERENCE DESIGN REQUIRES THE SCIENTIST TO ARTICULATE BOTH THE THEORETICAL REASONS AND UNDER WHAT CONDITIONS A BEHAVIORAL CHANGE (OUTCOME) IS EXPECTED TO OCCUR. MEASUREMENT OF THE THEORETICAL MECHANISM THAT HYPOTHETICALLY CAUSES A CHANGE IN OUTCOME DEVELOPMENT OF PROCEDURES THAT ENSURE THE SCIENTIFIC RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE MEASUREMENT OF THESE INTERVENING CAUSAL MECHANISMS PROOF THAT CHANGES IN THESE MECHANISMS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN OUTCOMES

MULTI-LEVEL RESEARCH DESIGNS STANDARDIZED ASSESSMENTS OF PROGRAMS AND INDIVIDUALS WOULD SET THE TABLE FOR THESE MORE SOPHISTICATED ANALYSES. COLLECTING MORE STANDARDIZED INFORMATION ACROSS PROGRAMS WOULD BETTER ASSIST RESEARCHERS AND PROGRAM ADMINISTRATORS TO DETERMINE USEFUL TECHNIQUES ON A BROADER SCALE META-ANALYSES MORE DIRECTION CLASSIFICATION NON-BEHAVIORAL VS. BEHAVIORAL: NEED ASSESSMENTS OF DIFFERENT PROGRAM TYPES THAT IDENTIFY THE CRITICAL TREATMENT DIMENSIONS FOR A GIVEN POPULATION.

GOALS: LEARNING ORGANIZATIONS & MUTUAL ADAPTATION AGENCIES NEED TO BE ACTIVE PARTICPANTS TO DETERMINE THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTED. THE AGENCIES INVOLVED NEED TO BE COGNISANT OF THE APPROACHES TAKEN AND HELP DETERMINE HOW EFFECTIVE THE PROGRAM IS. THE PROGRAM NEEDS TO BE ADAPTABLE TO THE ENVIRONMENT IT IS ESTABLISHED IN. COMMITMENT TO THE PROGRAM IS NECESSARY AS PROGRAM STAFF AND THE ORGANIZATION ITSELF DIRECTLY AFFECT THE PROGRAM’S SUCCESS.

SEVEN STAGES STAGE 1: ANALYZING THE PROBLEM STAGE 2: SETTING GOALS AND OBJECTIVES. STAGE 3: DESIGNING THE PROGRAM OR POLICY. STAGE 4: DEVELOPING AN ACTION PLAN. STAGE 5: DEVELOPING A PLAN FOR MONITORING PROGRAM/POLICY IMPLEMENTATION. STAGE 6: DEVELOPING A PLAN FOR EVALUATING OUTCOMES STAGE 7: INITIATING THE PROGRAM OR POLICY PLAN

REFERENCES CALLEY, N. G. (2009). COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT IN MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING: DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION. JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING,31(1), WELSH, W. N. (2006). THE NEED FOR A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO PROGRAM PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT, AND EVALUATION. CRIMINOLOGY & PUBLIC POLICY, 5(3), DOI: /J X