1 Fault Assistance Centre David Talbot & Chris Armstrong September 2014

2 Agenda Solution and case studies Questions and answers Fault overviewIntroduction

3 Connecting the North West 5 million 25 terawatt 2.4 million £8 billion of network assets

4 Introduction Together with latest techniques and equipment the FAC will prevent many faults from becoming permanent Early location and repair of faults before they become permanent, avoids loss of customer supply The FAC enables early intervention to reduce the impact of cable faults on the LV underground network

5 Fault progression Irregular voltage dips Transitory Irregular fuse operations Intermittent Repetitive fuse operations Persistent Open circuit or welded short circuit Permanent Impact on customers Examples of different faults/animation of different graphs coming in and out

6 Probability of further fault activity Probability MinutesHoursDaysWeeks Insulation cooling Moisture absorption

7 Frequency of faults Number of Events Time elapsed between faults

8 Faults showing distance from substation Fault B Fault D Fault C Fault A

9 What does it cost our business? Impact of transient faults on CIs and CMLs Greater than 3 events 35% of CIs and 31% of CMLs Greater than 5 events 19% of CIs and 16% of CMLs £1.4 million lost revenue £700,000 saving If 3 rd and 4 th trip can be reclosed within 3 minutes Improved customer satisfaction Incentive revenue

10 LV transient faults over a year

11 LV fault management - REZAP Multiple-shot auto-recloser Single phase impedance based fault location Controlled, reset and monitored remotely via Gateway Can be installed on LV boards - indoor substations

12 LV fault management – Modular REZAP Single phase impedance based fault location Multiple-shot auto-recloser Controlled, reset and monitored remotely via Gateway Can be installed in LV cabinets – outdoor substations

13 LV fault management – Bidoyng (smart) 3 phase impedance based fault location Single-shot auto-recloser Monitored via Gateway Can be installed in most pillars and cabinets – outdoor substations

14 WEEZAP Improves supply reliability and restoration through fault management and detection World leading LV vacuum circuit breaker Safe LV interconnection, live monitoring and control Advanced measurement and protection capability

15 Travelling wave using two units Fault disturbance recorder with communications Single TDR for permanent faults TP22/23 fault location equipment Multiple TDRs for transient faults

16 TP22/23 fault location equipment

17 Exploiting the potential of LV devices Solution: Kelvatek’s Fault Assistance Centre (FAC) that will actively monitor the equipment installed on ENW’s LV network – trial under IFI Only key ‘champions’ can perform this analysis Devices are widely used to reduce CI and CML figures Further benefits can be obtained from the data they provide Analysis of data is a specialised subject area/training issue

18 Business case Actively monitors equipment installed on LV network Faster fault location and repair Identification of 2 nd and 3 rd faults on the network Observation of fault ‘pecking’ Identifies circuits with overloading problems Identifies areas with poor health Helps us understand how best to use the LV kit Fault Assistance Centre business benefits

19 FAC process flow Transient identified Electricity NW fit REZAP/Bidoyng/ TP22/23 Details sent to Kelvatec FAC Fault location from Kelvatek to Electricity NW Confirm location Repair fault

20 Fault found - Radcliffe Details sent to Kelvatek FAC Fault location returned of 146 metres Next rupture confirmed with sniffer (two metres out) Fault repaired in four days of fitting REZAP

21 Fault found – Radcliffe

22 Fault found - Radcliffe

23 Fault found - Radcliffe

24 Melting Bidoyngs

25 Melting Bidoyngs – winter 2013/14 Red phase fuse blowing in outdoor cabinet Bidoyngs fitted on all three phases Received 2000 primary fuse ruptured / fuse replaced messages Visited site, found Bidoyng had ‘melted’ Conclusion Load related transient – 550 Amps

26 New Street – first fault

27 New Street – first fault

28 New Street – second fault

29 New Street – second fault

30 Multiple faults Second fault developed several months later Overlaid first fault Will this fault ever develop into a transient ? ? How does a DNO deal with these faults ! Targeted asset management Second fault never taken fuses

31 Summary Expensive and time consuming to repair permanent faults Impact on customer satisfaction Impact Faster fault location and repair Identifies circuits with overloading problems Improves customer service Saves money Benefit FAC exploits potential of existing LV fault devices Actively monitors the equipment installed Data supplied to determine fault location Solution LV transient faults difficult to find Faults progress to permanent state needing lengthy repair time Challenge

32 & QUESTIONS ANSWERS

33 Want to know more? Thank you for your time and attention linkedin.com/company/electricity-north-west facebook.com/ElectricityNorthWest youtube.com/ElectricityNorthWest e