ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 8 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 8 – Special Senses
Advertisements

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Senses  Somatic senses throughout body, including internal organs  Touch,
Special Senses.
Special Senses.
Sensory System Ear: Sound & Balance.
Ears, Hearing.
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slides 8.27 – 8.42 Seventh Edition Elaine.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
The Sensory System Hearing General Senses
“If a tree falls…” If a tree falls in the forest and there is nobody around to hear it… Does it make a noise? NO…Sound (like colour) is all in your head!
Warm up 03/06/2012 The oily secretions that lubricate the eye are produced by the: A) ceruminous glands B) lacrimal glands C) meibomian glands D) apocrine.
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Hearing and Equlibrium Seventh Edition.
Chapter 8 Special Senses: Hearing & Equilibrium
Sense of Hearing Ear -important for hearing and equilibrium -made of the outer, inner, and middle ear.
Special Senses: The Ear and Hearing Ch. 8b. The Ear Slide 8.20 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Houses two senses.
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Dee Unglaub Silverthorn, Ph.D. H UMAN P HYSIOLOGY PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
1 Hole’s Human Anatomy and Physiology Twelfth Edition Shier  Butler  Lewis Chapter 12 Nervous System III: Senses Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies,
Chapter 8 Special Senses
Special Senses.
Sense of Hearing and Equilibrium
Sense of Hearing External Ear Auricle (pinna) - outer ear External Auditory Meatus.
Special Senses Lecture Hearing. Our ears actually serve two functions: 1)Allow us to hear 2)Maintain balance and equilibrium Hearing and balance work.
The Ear’s Role in Balance and Equilibrium
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Hearing – allows us to detect and interpret sound waves  Equilibrium – inform.
Special Senses Ear Dr. M. Diamond. The Ear Houses two senses –Hearing –Equilibrium (balance) Receptors are mechanoreceptors Different organs house receptors.
Sense of Hearing and Equilibrium. 3 Parts Sense of Hearing o Made up of: Outer ear Middle ear Inner ear Ear also functions as sense of equilibrium.
IB Biology Neurology Unit Option E
Human Anatomy & Physiology FIFTH EDITION Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Vince Austin Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slides 8.20 – 8.26 Seventh Edition Elaine.
CHAPTER 49 SENSORY AND MOTOR SYSTEMS Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Section D: Hearing And Equilibrium 1. The.
Special Senses Hearing. Ear is a very sensitive structure. – The sensory receptors convert vibrations 1,000 times faster than the photoreceptors of the.
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology, Sixth Edition Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture.
CHAPTER 15 Special Senses EAR “Oto - Auris”. EAR HEARING (“Audi”) – sense that converts vibrations of air -> nerve impulses that are interpreted by the.
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings H UMAN P HYSIOLOGY Sensory Physiology_hearing.
March 25 th, 2010 Objective: Review the workings of the nose, tongue, and ear. –Coloring –Notes Do Now – get markers and start coloring!
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Special Senses  Objective 5  Identify the divisions of the ear, their structures,
SPECIAL SENSES 12.4 HEARING. SPECIAL SENSES: HEARING Structures of the Ear –Outer Ear Auricle: visible part of the ear –Collects sound waves and directs.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
OUTER EAR Structures – Pinna – External Auditory Canal – Tympanic Membrane Boundary between outer and middle ear Transfers sound vibrations to bones of.
Special Senses- The Ear
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology, Sixth Edition Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
Hearing.
Biology Department 1. 2  The ear is the organ of hearing and, in mammals, balance.  In mammals, the ear is usually described as having three parts:
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Chapter 15 The Special Senses The Ear.
S ENSORY O RGANS (V ISION, H EARING, AND EQUILIBRIUM ) Ears.
1. Auricle/Pinnae – funnel-like structure that helps collect sound waves 2. External Acoustic Meatus (EAM)/external auditory canal – s – shaped tube that.
Special Senses.
The Ear: Hearing and Balance
8 Special Senses.
Anatomy of the Ear Chapter 8.
Special Senses The Ear.
Senses: Hearing and Equilibrium
Chapter 8 Special Senses
Special Senses: The Ear
Chapter 8 Special Senses
Special Senses.
Special Senses.
Special Senses.
8 Special Senses ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY PART B
Special Senses.
Chapter 8 Special Senses
Chapter 8 Special Senses
Special Senses.
Chapter 8 Special Senses
Special Senses.
Special Senses.
Chapter 8 Special Senses
The Ear Houses two senses 1) Hearing 2) Equilibrium (balance)
Presentation transcript:

ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 8 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY PART B Special Senses

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Ear  Houses two senses  Hearing  Equilibrium (balance)  Receptors are mechanoreceptors  Different organs house receptors for each sense

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Anatomy of the Ear  The ear is divided into three areas  Outer (external) ear  Middle ear  Inner ear Figure 8.12

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The External Ear  Involved in hearing only  Structures of the external ear  Pinna (auricle)  External auditory canal Figure 8.12

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The External Auditory Canal  Narrow chamber in the temporal bone  Lined with skin  Ceruminous (wax) glands are present  Ends at the tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Middle Ear or Tympanic Cavity  Air-filled cavity within the temporal bone  Only involved in the sense of hearing

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Middle Ear or Tympanic Cavity  Two tubes are associated with the inner ear  The opening from the auditory canal is covered by the tympanic membrane (eardrum)  The auditory tube connecting the middle ear with the throat, aka Eustachian Tube  Allows for equalizing pressure during yawning or swallowing  This tube is otherwise collapsed  Gives popping sensation when flying or in mountains-high elevation

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Auditory Ossicles (3 bones)  Three bones span the cavity  Malleus (hammer)  Incus (anvil)  Stapes (stirrip) Figure 8.12

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bones of the Tympanic Cavity  Vibrations from eardrum move the malleus  These bones transfer sound to the inner ear Figure 8.12

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Inner Ear or Bony Labyrinth  Includes sense organs for hearing and balance  Filled with perilymph- plasma like fluid Figure 8.12

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Inner Ear or Bony Labrynth  A maze of bony chambers within the temporal bone  Cochlea-snail  Vestibule-front  Semicircular canals ½ circles Figure 8.12

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Organs of Hearing  Organ of Corti  Located within the cochlea  Receptors = hair cells on the basilar membrane  Gel-like tectorial membrane is capable of bending hair cells  Cochlear nerve attached to hair cells transmits nerve impulses to auditory cortex on temporal lobe

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Organs of Hearing Figure 8.15

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Mechanism of Hearing 1.Sound waves enter external auditory meatus, eardrum vibrates, auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) amplify vibrations. 2.Stapes hits oval window and transmits vibrations to cochlea, organs of corti contain receptor cells (hair cells) that deform from vibrations, impulses sent to the vestibulocochlear nerve. 3.Auditory cortex of the temporal lobe interprets sensory impulses,(Round window dissipates vibrations within the cochlea).

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Mechanisms of Hearing Figure 8.16a–b

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Organs of Equilibrium  Receptor cells are in two structures  *Vestibule- involved with static equilibrium  *Semicircular canals- involved with dynamic equilibrium Figure 8.14a–b

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Organs of Equilibrium  Equilibrium has two functional parts  Static equilibrium-the same  Dynamic equilibrium-changing Figure 8.14a–b

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Static Equilibrium  Maculae – receptors in the vestibule  Report on the position of the head  Send information via the vestibular nerve  Anatomy of the maculae  Hair cells are embedded in the otolithic membrane  **Otoliths (tiny stones) float in a gel around the hair cells  Movements cause otoliths to bend the hair cells

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Function of Maculae Figure 8.13a–b

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Dynamic Equilibrium  Crista ampullaris – receptors in the semicircular canals  Tuft of hair cells  Cupula (gelatinous cap) covers the hair cells Figure 8.14c

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Dynamic Equilibrium  Action of angular head movements  The cupula stimulates the hair cells  An impulse is sent via the vestibular nerve to the cerebellum Figure 8.14c