Political System of Islam Islam and Democracy By Muhammad Ali Khan

Political System of Islam Concept_State Components Features Islam v/s Democracy Islam v/s Theocracy Welfare State and Islam Is Practical Sharait Possible Why Islamic State

Concept A political system is a system of politics and government Who should have authority Role of Religion Government's influence on its people In a political system is a way of the government makes a policy and organize the administration The sine qua non for a political System is _ State

Components of State Constitution Masses Government Ideology Territory Sovereignty Sources of Law Masses Voter Citizen Government Foreign Policy HR Administration Ideology Territory

Form of Govt Anarchism (Rule by no one) Democracy (Rule by the popular vote) Monarchy. (Rule by one person) Meritocracy (Rule by best) Technocracy (Rule by experts) Theocracy (Rule by God and his representatives) Oligarchy (Rule by a few) Aristocracy (Rule by nobles) Plutocracy (Rule by money) Socialism (Rule by equality)

Kleptocracy Klepto (thief) and Cracy (rule), "Rule By Thieves" is a form of political and government corruption where the government exists to increase the personal wealth and political power of its officials and the ruling class at the expense of the wider population, often without pretense of honest service This type of government corruption is often achieved by the embezzlement of state funds and legalizing the illegal

Political System of Islam Political System of Islam where Religion and politics are one and the same in Islam. They are knotted. The Islamic Political System is based on the following main principles: Sovereignty of Allah Sovereignty means the source of power. In Islam, Allah is the source of all powers and laws (3:154, 12:40, 25:2, 67:1) Khilafah of Mankind (Vicegerency of man). Man is the vicegerent, the agent or the representative of Allah on earth (2:30, 6:165). Legislation by Shura (Consultation). Islam teaches us to run a government, to make legislation and decisions by the process of Shura. Shura means "to take decisions by consultation and participation" (3:159, 42:38). Accountability of government Independence of judiciary Equality before law Equality for all citizens before the law. One who fears Allah swt most is the noblest in Islam (49:13).

Nature of state in History Khalafat – Rules of Holy 4 Malokiyat- Khalafat after Khalafat Rashida Mahaniyat- Rules of unjust power Qarooniyat- Arrogance of wealth Firaooniyat- Rules of Pride Husaniyat- To fight against Tyranny Yazidiyat – Rule of Injustice

Concept of Islamic State

The vision of an Islamic state To implement the divine law.  The ideal Islamic state is a community governed by the Law revealed by God Islamic state is not a theocracy under direct rule of the learned men of religion, nor is it an autocracy that vests absolute power in the ruler

Models of Islamic Democracy One Where Islam is the state religion Some religious values are incorporated into public life but Islam is not the only source of law. Examples Malaysia,Algeria,Maldives Second A state which endeavors to Institute Shraih Include religion into the affairs of the state Example Pakistan

Cont… Third Where Islam is not a state religion Legislation consider Shriah Islam is not in life of masses

Epilogue Democracy with its principles of limited government, public accountability, checks and balances, separation of powers and transparency in governance does succeed in limiting man’s sovereignty The problem of the Muslim world is that we don’t yet know what democracy looks like

Conclusion-Purpose of Islamic State Rule of Allah Amer bil maroof wa nahi anil munkir (promote the right and forbid the wrong (22:44).) The state is responsible for the welfare of all its citizens - Muslims and non-Muslims alike. It must guarantee the basic necessities of life. All citizens of the Islamic state shall enjoy freedom of belief, thought, conscience and speech. Every citizen shall be free to develop his potential, improve his capacity, earn and possess.

Cont….. A citizen shall enjoy the right to support or oppose any government policy which he thinks right or wrong with the following in mind The Islamic state shall ensure a fair distribution of wealth. Islam does not believe in equal distribution as it is against the law of creation. There is not a single perfect Islamic state in the world today. There are many Muslim countries. An Islamic state is based on the model of Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) state in Madinah while a Muslim state is one which has a majority Muslim population and some Islamic features.

Is Islamic State Possible As form of Government As Social System As Political System As constitution As a State Or mere implementing Islamic Punishments ? Or only declaring Islam as state Religion ?

Concept of Welfare State Concept in west Concept in Islam Features of an Islamic welfare state Basic human rights responsibility of the state Sovereignty Self-imposing mechanism Non-muslim as a head? Status of man Individual freedom ( religious and social) No slavery Avoids religious enmity Rule of law (Everyone is equal by law ,No one is above law ( no concept of immunity) ,One law for all.) Basic rights Equality Duties of Citizens Ataa’t-e-ameer

Islam and Democracy Elements Islam Democracy Sovereignty Allah is sovereign Masses/Parliament/ Status of masses 4 statuses: vicegerent, Caliph, Ashraf-ul-makhloqat, human being Voter Accountability In life and After Death to the law of the land Type of government Legistaltion of Shura (consultation) Presidential/ Parlimentary etc Territory No defined territory. Concept of Ummah Fixed territory Nationalism Constitution Quran and Sunnah (permanent) Laws of the land (flexible) Tenure of government Life-span of Caliph Fixed Basic rights Food, clothing, shelter, education Freedom of expression and association Nature of government Rule of all (Baeyat) Rule of majority Criminal Law Hadood Laws of parliament. CPC etc

Islam and Theocracy Concept Examples: - After pure political system: Late 80s government of Zia, Iran, Taliban, Italy - Without political system : Vatican and Saudi Arabia. Features of theocracy Rule of priest Religious elites, religious ideas and religious institutions Constitution is influenced by religious ideas Political parties and leadership have religious vergence Political obligations are considered religious obligations Foundation of religion is linked with political process Establishment of any religion by constitution