Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University1 MUS 239 Introduction to World Music Telecourse Ellis Hall Room 226 Instructor: Dr. John Prescott Office: HHPA 309 Office Hours: M-F 8 AM Phone: Course Web Site: courses.missouristate.edu/johnprescottTelecourse Ellis Hall Room 226 Instructor: Dr. John Prescott Office: HHPA 309 Office Hours: M-F 8 AM Phone: Course Web Site: courses.missouristate.edu/johnprescott

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University2 Reading Assignment for Today Chapter 1 Chapter 1 What are the four components of a Music-Culture? What are the four components of a Music-Culture? Can you hear and feel the metrical rhythm in the pieces you are listening to? Can you hear and feel the metrical rhythm in the pieces you are listening to? Chapter 10 Chapter 10 What type of music do YOU want to learn about? What type of music do YOU want to learn about? Chapter 1 Chapter 1 What are the four components of a Music-Culture? What are the four components of a Music-Culture? Can you hear and feel the metrical rhythm in the pieces you are listening to? Can you hear and feel the metrical rhythm in the pieces you are listening to? Chapter 10 Chapter 10 What type of music do YOU want to learn about? What type of music do YOU want to learn about?

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University3 MUS 239 Introduction to World Music Chapter 1: The Music-Culture as a World of Music

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University4 What is music? Soundscape: characteristic sounds of a place Soundscape: characteristic sounds of a place In general, music is sound that is humanly organized. In general, music is sound that is humanly organized. Sometimes it’s not easy to separate sound and music. Sometimes it’s not easy to separate sound and music. Musical Examples I:1, and I:2. Musical Examples I:1, and I:2. Soundscape: characteristic sounds of a place Soundscape: characteristic sounds of a place In general, music is sound that is humanly organized. In general, music is sound that is humanly organized. Sometimes it’s not easy to separate sound and music. Sometimes it’s not easy to separate sound and music. Musical Examples I:1, and I:2. Musical Examples I:1, and I:2.

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University5 Patterns in Music Rhythm & Meter Rhythm & Meter Metrical rhythm: rhythm with recurring accent pattern Metrical rhythm: rhythm with recurring accent pattern Melody Melody Principal tune made of a succession of tones in particular rhythm Principal tune made of a succession of tones in particular rhythm Harmony Harmony Accompaniment to a melody Accompaniment to a melody Form Form Structural arrangement of musical ideas Structural arrangement of musical ideas Rhythm & Meter Rhythm & Meter Metrical rhythm: rhythm with recurring accent pattern Metrical rhythm: rhythm with recurring accent pattern Melody Melody Principal tune made of a succession of tones in particular rhythm Principal tune made of a succession of tones in particular rhythm Harmony Harmony Accompaniment to a melody Accompaniment to a melody Form Form Structural arrangement of musical ideas Structural arrangement of musical ideas

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University6 Harmony/Texture; Four Kinds Monophonic (distinct single melody) Monophonic (distinct single melody) Homophonic (single melody with accompanying harmony) Homophonic (single melody with accompanying harmony) Polyphonic (more than one melody) Polyphonic (more than one melody) Heterophonic (single melody but each instrument plays it differently) Heterophonic (single melody but each instrument plays it differently) Monophonic (distinct single melody) Monophonic (distinct single melody) Homophonic (single melody with accompanying harmony) Homophonic (single melody with accompanying harmony) Polyphonic (more than one melody) Polyphonic (more than one melody) Heterophonic (single melody but each instrument plays it differently) Heterophonic (single melody but each instrument plays it differently)

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University7 Ways of Looking at Musical Instruments: Classification  (Sachs-Hornbostel Instrument Classification) Idiophone Idiophone Membranophone Membranophone Chordophone Chordophone Aerophone Aerophone (Electrophone) (Electrophone)  (Sachs-Hornbostel Instrument Classification) Idiophone Idiophone Membranophone Membranophone Chordophone Chordophone Aerophone Aerophone (Electrophone) (Electrophone)

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University8 Lines are not always easy to draw There are hybrids such as tambourines or kazoo; distinctions can be fuzzy There are hybrids such as tambourines or kazoo; distinctions can be fuzzy Greater interest now in insider’s words, context, style. Greater interest now in insider’s words, context, style. There are hybrids such as tambourines or kazoo; distinctions can be fuzzy There are hybrids such as tambourines or kazoo; distinctions can be fuzzy Greater interest now in insider’s words, context, style. Greater interest now in insider’s words, context, style.

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University9 Ways of Looking at the Cultural Elements that Surround and Give Meaning to Music Four Components of a Music Culture 1. Ideas about music 2. Activities involving music 3. Repertories of music 4. Material culture of music Four Components of a Music Culture 1. Ideas about music 2. Activities involving music 3. Repertories of music 4. Material culture of music

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University10 I: Ideas About Music Music and the Belief System Music and the Belief System Aesthetics of Music Aesthetics of Music Contexts for Music Contexts for Music History of Music History of Music Music and the Belief System Music and the Belief System Aesthetics of Music Aesthetics of Music Contexts for Music Contexts for Music History of Music History of Music

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University11 II: Activities Involving Music Basic aspects of social organization Basic aspects of social organization Status and role Status and role Other considerations Other considerations Basic aspects of social organization Basic aspects of social organization Status and role Status and role Other considerations Other considerations

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University12 III: Repertories of Music Definition: stock of ready performances Definition: stock of ready performances Style; combined elements Style; combined elements Genres Genres Texts Texts Composition Composition Transmission Transmission Movement Movement Definition: stock of ready performances Definition: stock of ready performances Style; combined elements Style; combined elements Genres Genres Texts Texts Composition Composition Transmission Transmission Movement Movement

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University13 IV: Material Culture of Music Material objects that a culture produces, such as Material objects that a culture produces, such as Musical instruments Musical instruments Paintings, documents, art Paintings, documents, art Scores, books, sheet music, books Scores, books, sheet music, books Impact of mass media Impact of mass media Material objects that a culture produces, such as Material objects that a culture produces, such as Musical instruments Musical instruments Paintings, documents, art Paintings, documents, art Scores, books, sheet music, books Scores, books, sheet music, books Impact of mass media Impact of mass media

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University14 General Principles of World Music Music-cultures are dynamic rather than static; a music rarely “dies out.” Music-cultures are dynamic rather than static; a music rarely “dies out.” Music used as a controlling force Music used as a controlling force Ethnocentrism is generally not a positive element in the study of world musics Ethnocentrism is generally not a positive element in the study of world musics Use of particular scale forms Use of particular scale forms Pentatonic Pentatonic 12-Tone Chromatic 12-Tone Chromatic Other Other Music-cultures are dynamic rather than static; a music rarely “dies out.” Music-cultures are dynamic rather than static; a music rarely “dies out.” Music used as a controlling force Music used as a controlling force Ethnocentrism is generally not a positive element in the study of world musics Ethnocentrism is generally not a positive element in the study of world musics Use of particular scale forms Use of particular scale forms Pentatonic Pentatonic 12-Tone Chromatic 12-Tone Chromatic Other Other

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University15 Useful Scales

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University16 Chapter 10 Organizing Principles 1. Family 2. Generation & Gender 3. Leisure 4. Religion 5. Ethnicity 6. Regionalism 7.Nationalism 8. Commercial Music Organizing Principles 1. Family 2. Generation & Gender 3. Leisure 4. Religion 5. Ethnicity 6. Regionalism 7.Nationalism 8. Commercial Music

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University17 Research, Documentation & Reporting: some things to consider Gaining Entry Gaining Entry Library & Internet Research Library & Internet Research Participation and Observation Participation and Observation Ethics Ethics Gain permission Gain permission Honesty Honesty Field Gear Field Gear Interviewing (open questions, not leading) Interviewing (open questions, not leading) Sharing the information (Report) Sharing the information (Report) Gaining Entry Gaining Entry Library & Internet Research Library & Internet Research Participation and Observation Participation and Observation Ethics Ethics Gain permission Gain permission Honesty Honesty Field Gear Field Gear Interviewing (open questions, not leading) Interviewing (open questions, not leading) Sharing the information (Report) Sharing the information (Report)

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University18 Homework Assignment No. 1: Write and me a one-paragraph Project Proposal, with description of organizing principles (from Ch. 10) to be used. Indicate option 1 or 2, and if option 2, who will be interviewed. Assignment No. 1: Write and me a one-paragraph Project Proposal, with description of organizing principles (from Ch. 10) to be used. Indicate option 1 or 2, and if option 2, who will be interviewed. Read Chapter 2: Read Chapter 2: North America/Native America Assignment No. 1: Write and me a one-paragraph Project Proposal, with description of organizing principles (from Ch. 10) to be used. Indicate option 1 or 2, and if option 2, who will be interviewed. Assignment No. 1: Write and me a one-paragraph Project Proposal, with description of organizing principles (from Ch. 10) to be used. Indicate option 1 or 2, and if option 2, who will be interviewed. Read Chapter 2: Read Chapter 2: North America/Native America