Four Types of Presentations Impromptu Extemporaneous Scripted Memorized Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Four Audiences for Oral Presentations Colleagues in your organization Clients and customers Fellow professionals at technical conferences The public Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Steps in Preparing an Oral Presentation Assess the speaking situation. How much does the audience know? Are you attempting to inform or inform and persuade? What are their attitudes towards your topic? How much time do you have? Prepare an outline or note cards. Prepare presentation graphics. Rehearse the presentation. Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Five Characteristics of Effective Graphics Visibility Legibility 18-point font 20-point font 24-point font Stick with sans-serif fonts Simplicity Clarity Correctness Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Four Aspects to Consider in Planning Your Graphics Length of the presentation Audience aptitude and experience Size and layout of the room Equipment Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Basic Media for Oral Presentations Computer presentations Slide projector Overhead projector Chalkboard or other hard writing surface Objects Handouts For details see table in text p.579-580 Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's Delivering an Oral Presentation is More Challenging than Writing a Document for Two Reasons: Listeners can't go back to listen again to something they didn't understand. Because you are speaking live, you must maintain your listeners' attention, even if they are hungry or tired or the room is too hot. Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Use Language to Alert Your Listeners to: Advance organizers Summaries Transitions Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Three Techniques to Help Make a Lasting Impression on Your Audience Involve the audience. Refer to people, not to abstractions. Use interesting facts, figures, and quotations. Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Rehearsing an Extemporaneous Presentation First stage – concentrate on content Second stage – concentrate on flow and timing Third stage – concentrate on style Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

In Giving the Oral Presentation: Calm your nerves. Use your voice effectively. Use your body effectively. Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Three Facts about Nervousness You are much more aware of your nervousness than the audience is. Nervousness gives you energy and enthusiasm. After a few minutes, your nervousness will pass. Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Points to Consider When You Get Nervous before a Presentation Realize that you are prepared. Realize that the audience is there to hear you, not to judge you. Realize that your audience is made up of individual people who happen to be sitting in the same room. Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Strategies for Dealing with Nervousness before a Presentation Walk around. Go off by yourself for a few minutes. Talk with someone for a few minutes. Take several deep breaths, exhaling slowly. Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's Inexperienced Speakers Often Have Problems with Five Aspects of Vocalizing: Volume Speed Pitch Articulation Nonfluencies Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Four Guidelines about Physical Movement Maintain eye contact. Use natural gestures. Don't block the audience's view of the screen. Control the audience's attention. Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Guidelines for Presenting to People from Different Cultures Use graphics effectively to reinforce your points for nonnative speakers. Be aware that gestures can have cultural meanings. Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's

Five Situations When You Respond to Questions You're not sure everyone heard the question. You don't understand the question. You don't know the answer to the question. You get a question that you have already answered in the presentation. A belligerent member of the audience rejects your response and insists on restating his or her original point. Chapter 22. Making Oral Presentations © 2004 by Bedford/St. Martin's