+ Debbie Waggoner KDE Regional Instructional Specialist Social Studies & Mathematics CKEC ISLN Social Studies UPDATE October 2014

+ Projected Timeline At A Glance… September 2014 Targeted Focus Groups October 2014 First Read KBE and compile feedback November 2014 Representative sub-group of standards writers will meet to review Feedback and Refine Draft December 2014 Second Read January 2015 Public Comment Period Implementation

+ Focus on Inquiry enhances classroom practice…

+ THE QUESTION FORMULATION TECHNIQUE (QFT) Students' Questions as a Catalyst for: Deeper Learning, Joy in Teaching and a Healthier Democracy Based on the Keynote presentation for Ky Council of Social Studies Conference September 2014 Erlanger, KY By Dan Rothstein The Right Question Institute: Cambridge, MA

+ The Big Idea Students are more successful when they learn to ask their own questions

+ The Vision: High School Students in Boston, MA “When you ask the question, you feel like it’s your job to get the answer.” ENGAGEMENT!

+  A Question Focus  Rules for Producing Questions  Producing Questions  Categorizing Questions-Open/Closed  Prioritizing Questions  Next Steps  Reflection Components of the Question Formulation Technique TM

+ Rules for Producing Questions Ask as many questions as you can. Do not stop to answer, judge, or discuss. Write down every question exactly as it was stated. Change any statements into questions.

+ Experiencing the Question Formulation Technique TM

+ Question Focus Some students are not asking questions in my classroom

+ Producing Questions Some students are not asking questions in my classroom 1. Ask Questions 2. Follow the Rules 3. Number the Questions

+ Categorizing Questions: Closed/Open Definitions: Closed-ended questions can be answered with a “yes” or “no” or with a one-word answer. Open-ended questions require more explanation. Directions: Identify your questions as closed- ended or open-ended by marking them with a “C” or an “O”.

+ Discussion

+ Change Closed to Open and Open to Closed -Ended Questions Directions: Take one closed-ended question and change it into an open- ended question

+ Prioritizing Questions Review your list of questions Choose the three questions you consider most important. While prioritizing, think about your QFocus: Some students are not asking questions in my classroom

+ Prioritizing Questions Why did you choose those three questions as the most important? Where are your priority questions in the sequence of your entire list of questions?

+ Share 1. Questions you changed from closed to open 2. Your three priority questions and their numbers in your original sequence 3. Rationale for choosing priority questions

+ Reflection What did you learn? How did you learn it? What do you understand differently now about asking questions?

+ Classroom Example: Secondary Teacher: Megan Harvell, Boston, MA Topic: American History –The Civil War Purpose: Pre-reading activity to engage students Question Focus:

+ Student Questions 1. Why are they fighting? 2. Are they fighting? 3. Are they part of the government? 4. Where were they? 5. Who are they? 6. Were they signing anything? 7. Who else was there? 8. Why are you hitting him? 9. Why didn’t they call 911? 10. Was this related to slavery? 11. Why is he hitting him with a bat? 11. Why are you taking a pen? 12. Why are they in court? 13. Who hit who first? 15. Who died? 16. Why are they smiling?

+ 1. Why are they fighting? 2. Are they fighting? 3. Are they part of the government? 4. Where were they? 5. Who are they? 6. Were they signing anything? 7. Who else was there? 8. Why are you hitting him? 9. Why didn’t they call 911? 10. Was this related to slavery? 11. Why is he hitting him with a bat? 11. Why are you taking a pen? 12. Why are they in court? 13. Who hit who first? 15. Who died? 16. Why are they smiling? Compelling Questions “Focus on enduring issues and concerns. They deal with curiosities about how things work; interpretations and applications of disciplinary concepts; and unresolved issues that require students to construct arguments in response.” C3 Framework p.23 Supporting Questions “Focus on descriptions, definitions, and processes on which there is general agreement within the social studies disciplines, and require students to construct explanations that advance claims of understanding in response” C3 Framework p.23 C3 Dimension 1

+ Educator Observations Novice Teachers “I’ve never seen my students so engaged as when they are using the QFT.” Veteran Teachers “I’ve prided myself in my 33 years of teaching in the good questions I ask of my students. But, I saw that they go through this process and they ask great questions that I never, ever would have thought of.” University Professors “I have been stunned by the depth and breadth of questions that my students have created during QFT sessions – and I feel that I am just beginning to learn how to use the technique.”

+ The Skill of Asking Questions For getting to better answers For increasing engagement and ownership For demonstrating inquiry in the classroom For a little more joy in a very demanding profession And…

+ The Research Confirms the Importance of Student Questioning Self-Questioning (metacognitive strategy): Students formulating their own questions proved to be one of the most effective metacognitive strategies Engaging in pre-lesson self-questioning improved students rate of learning by nearly 50% (Hattie, p.193) Visible Learning: A Synthesis of Over 800 meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement by John Hattie. 1 st Edition, December 26, 2008.

+ Tools for QFT Tips for Facilitating the QFT – Question Formulation Technique packet pages Designing the Question Focus packet pages Assessing Facilitation of the QFT packet page 22 QFT on one page packet page 23 Also on the Agenda… Design a Question Focus to try the QFT for your grade level Reading Strategies for Social Studies 21 st Century Curriculum Implications and district planning Burning Questions about the Disciplinary Content Strands