Enlightenment Ideas Spread Chapter 2 Section 2 Enlightenment Ideas Spread

New Ideas Challenge Society Enlightenment ideas spread through Europe quickly During the Middle Ages people accepted the ideas of divine-right and heavenly reward for Earthly suffering Enlightenment thinkers tried to teach their ideas to everyone, but some people resist

New Ideas Challenge Society Most gov. and church authorities felt they had a duty to defend the old order. They believed that God set up the old order To avoid censorship, Enlightenment writers hid ideals in works of fiction

New Ideas Challenge Society Ideas also spread in salons, parties at which writers, artists, royalty and others discussed Enlightenment ideals The most famous salon was at Madame Geoffrin’s house in Paris She had Diderot, Rousseau, Voltaire, and others over at her salon Mozart would entertain the crowd

Arts and Literature Reflect New Ideas When Enlightenment begins art & architecture was either Greek & Roman, or baroque. Paintings were huge, colorful, and usually were scenes of battles or saints

Baroque Style Painting

Arts and Literature Reflect New Ideas When Enlightenment begins art & architecture was either Greek & Roman, or baroque. Paintings were huge, colorful, and usually were scenes of battles or saints French King Louis XV was less formal than previous kings. As a result a new style develops rococo. Rococo was lighter, elegant and charming

Rococo Style Painting

Arts and Literature Reflect New Ideas The Enlightenment changed music as well, classical music developed It became more affordable for everyone to attend concerts, as a result there were more composers

George Frideric Handel Handel was born in Germany Spent most his life in England Wrote most of his music for King George I Wrote more than 30 operas Most famous piece, Messiah

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Born in Austria Was a child prodigy Wrote first original pieces at age 5 Wrote over 600 pieces of music Died at 35 as a poor man

Arts and Literature Reflect New Ideas During the Enlightenment the novel, long work of fiction, became popular One famous work of the time; was Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Dafoe

Enlightened Despots Embrace New Ideas Some monarchs accepted Enlightenment ideals, they were know as enlightened despots, absolute rulers who use their power to bring political & social change The most well known was Frederick II, or Frederick the Great of Prussia. Frederick made many reforms; allowed free press, allowed freedom of religion, and reduced the use of torture

Frederick the Great

Catherine the Great Catherine II of Russia, exchanged many letters with Diderot & Voltaire Made limited reforms; outlawed torture & allowed religious tolerance Like Frederick the Great reversed some of these changes in order to maintain total control

Joseph II Joseph II, eldest son Maria Theresa empress of Austria Joseph was the most Enlightened of the despots, he would travel in disguise among his subjects to learn of their problems Allowed freedom of religion, free press, & worked to help the sick and poor