Functionally-Based Security Force Assistance Introduction to Functionally-Based Security Force Assistance Functionally-Based Security Force Assistance

The Resolute Support Mission The 8 Essential Functions Table of Contents What We Will Cover The Resolute Support Mission The 8 Essential Functions FB-SFA Organization & Management The Advisor Network Tool (ANET) FB-SFA Guide 3.0 & Other Products

Mission ISAF Mission ISAF, in partnership with the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA), conducts population-centric counterinsurgency (COIN) operations, enables expanded and effective Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF), and supports improved governance and socio-economic development in order to protect the Afghan people and provide a secure environment for sustainable stability. The ISAF combat mission will end by the end of 2014. The ISAF mission created a capable Afghan force of 350,000 soldiers and police. At the end of 2014, the Afghan forces will be responsible for security across their country. Afghanistan is a different country from what it was 13 years ago. Increased security has created the conditions for Afghanistan’s improvements in education, health, economic growth, media, and women’s rights. The first democratic transition of power is now underway, after presidential elections entirely secured by Afghans. (CLICK) The Resolute Support Mission will focus on training, advising, and assisting the Afghan forces after 2014. The new mission will not be ISAF by another name. It will be different and significantly smaller. Its aim is to train, advise, and assist Afghan forces, and not to be a substitute for them. It will have limited regional approach based on five locations in Kabul and in the North, West, South, and East. And it will focus on the national institutions, such as the security ministries, and the corps levels of army and police command. The formal launch of the mission is however still pending approval of the legal agreements to make this possible. In the NATO Wales Summit in September 14, a new page in the relationship with Afghanistan will be turned. I will let you read the end state for your self.

Resolute Support Mission “In six months’ time, our ISAF combat mission will be completed. Afghan troops and police will be fully responsible for security across the country. Our goal is to launch a new mission to train, advise and assist the Afghan security forces from the start of next year. Today, we endorsed the detailed operational plan for that new mission, called Resolute Support.” NATO Secretary General, Anders Fogh Rasmussen The ISAF combat mission will end by the end of 2014. The ISAF mission created a capable Afghan force of 350,000 soldiers and police. At the end of 2014, the Afghan forces will be responsible for security across their country. Afghanistan is a different country from what it was 13 years ago. Increased security has created the conditions for Afghanistan’s improvements in education, health, economic growth, media, and women’s rights. The first democratic transition of power is now underway, after presidential elections entirely secured by Afghans. (CLICK) The Resolute Support Mission will focus on training, advising, and assisting the Afghan forces after 2014. The new mission will not be ISAF by another name. It will be different and significantly smaller. Its aim is to train, advise, and assist Afghan forces, and not to be a substitute for them. It will have limited regional approach based on five locations in Kabul and in the North, West, South, and East. And it will focus on the national institutions, such as the security ministries, and the corps levels of army and police command. The formal launch of the mission is however still pending approval of the legal agreements to make this possible. In the NATO Wales Summit in September 14, a new page in the relationship with Afghanistan will be turned. I will let you read the end state for your self.

The Resolute Support Mission The 8 Essential Functions Chapter 2 The Resolute Support Mission The 8 Essential Functions FB-SFA Organization & Management The Advisor Network Tool (ANET) FB-SFA Guide 3.0 & Other Products

Transition to 8 Essential Functions Command and Control Leadership Training Sustainment Combined Arms Integration The Five Pillars 8 Essential Functions EF 1: Plan, Program, Budget and Execute EF2: Internal Controls/TAO EF3:Rule of Law/Governance EF4: Force Generation EF5: Force Sustainment EF6: Security Campaigns/OPS EF7: Intelligence EF8: STRATCOM

Endstates for the 8 Essential Functions EF1 Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution ASI/ANSF is able to conduct multi-year programming that meets their sustainment requirements; align the budget with their programs; and execute within available resources in order to plan in accordance with the National Security Strategy with regards to internal security and protection of GIRoA’s recognized international borders.  EF2 Internal Controls to Assure TAO GIRoA establishes a transparent and accountable fiscal stewardship posture that demonstrates the political will to fight corruption; investigate suspected offenders within ASI and ANSF; and prosecute in accordance with recognized international standards and GIRoA law. EF3 Rule of Law and Governance ASI/ANSF respect and adhere to the Rule of Law and operates in accordance with Afghanistan’s constitution, domestic laws, and international obligations via the integration of civilian control of the security forces that are exercised through the MoI and MoD. EF4 Force Generation ANSF/ASI recruits, trains, and retains sufficient qualified personnel to meet forecasted manpower requirements, while concurrently managing their employment along career paths through merit-based selection in order to maximize long-term potential and operational effectiveness—all resulting in an increasingly professional force capable of providing stability and security in Afghanistan.

Endstates for the 8 Essential Functions EF5 Force Sustainment ASI/ANSF develops demand-based systems that are responsive to end-user needs that meet strategic and operational requirements in facilities management; medical; maintenance; and logistics in order to enable effective operations and security campaigns. EF6 Execute Effective Security Campaigns and Ops ASI and ANSF are capable of planning, synchronizing, conducting and sustaining joint and combined arms operations in support of National level security, governance, and development objectives in accordance with the current year budget, future year programming, strategic priorities, and executable resource limitations. EF7 Intelligence ASI/ANSF are able to plan and execute special, conventional, and police operations using Afghan derived intelligence in order to confront current and projected threats to Afghanistan. EF8 Strategic Communications ASI and ANSF effectively communicate with the Afghan population within the security institutions and with the international community in order to engender support and confidence, and counter the insurgency’s influence.

The Resolute Support Mission The 8 Essential Functions Chapter 3 The Resolute Support Mission The 8 Essential Functions FB-SFA Organization & Management The Advisor Network Tool (ANET) FB-SFA Guide 3.0 & Other Products

FB-SFA Management SFA Center SFA Board SFA Center Jan 14: FB-SFA 60-day review team finds there is no unity of effort in FB-SFA; recommends creation of SFA Fusion Cell 27 Jan 14: SFA Fusion Cell formally established to conduct day-to-day management of FB-SFA Today: With FB-SFA fully implemented, SFA Fusion Cell has now become part of ISAF CJ35 and is called the SFA Center SFA Working Group Director SFAC = Chairman SFA WG Sets agenda for SFA WG SFA Center The day-to-day management of FB-SFA is conducted by the SFA Center, which is part of the ISAF CJ35. In January 2014, COMISAF directed a team to review the progress of the first 60 days of FB-SFA. One of the review team’s main findings was that, while there were a lot of good efforts ongoing in FB-SFA, those efforts were not unified. The team recommended the creation of a single organization that would be responsible for conducting the day-to-day management of FB-SFA. The SFA Fusion Cell was established at the end of January 2014 for this purpose, and placed under the direction of DCOM MAG/CSTC-A. Over the past several months, through the SFA Working Group and the SFA Board, the SFA Fusion Cell shepherded the ISAF staff through the creation of a systems approach to FB-SFA that has evolved into the 8 EFs. Now that FB-SFA has been fully implemented into the ISAF staff, the SFA Fusion Cell has been renamed the SFA Center and moved to the DCOS OPS CJ35, where is it part of the normal operational function – in fact, the main effort – of the ISAF mission. Essential Functions 8 x EF managers Reports, Returns and Readiness Management Link in with 8 Essential Functions within ISAF DCOS sections

FB-SFA Management Process SFA Board EF 1: Plan, Program, Budget, Execute EF 2: Internal Controls/TAO EF 3: Rule of Law / Governance EF 4: Force Generation EF 5: Force Sustainment EF 6: Campaign Operations/C2 EF 7: Intelligence EF 8: STRATCOM Executive (Ministerial) MoD, MoI, etc SFA Working Group Generating (Institutional) Trng Centers, etc Next we will describe the process by which Functionally Based Security Force Assistance is managed. First we will show you the overall process in steps by building this slide. Then we‘ll look more closely at each individual step.   The first thing that happens is an individual advisor observes a problem with an Afghan process. That advisor has the ability to communicate with other advisors at every level within the same essential function or between essential functions. He does this using the Advisor Network Tool or ANET. ANET allows this advisor not only to obtain contact information for other advisors, but also shows the advisor where he fits into the overall network of ISAF advisors. Together advisors can attempt to help the Afghans find solutions to their problems. If communications with other advisors fails to help the Afghans find a solution, an advisor may use the formal FBSFA structures to obtain ISAF/Resolute Support decisions and actions for a more systemic approach to helping the Afghans resolve the issue. Issues are elevated through these structures using a target nomination process. Advisors will inject their issues into the formal structures at the appropriate entry level . Issues will be resolved the lowest level possible, and elevated to the next higher level where necessary. TAAC Target Meeting Operating (Fielded Forces) Kandak, Corps, etc

Commander’s SFA Update CSU Direction and Guidance Commander’s SFA Update SFA Board (if necessary) EF 2: Internal Controls/TAO EF 5: Force Sustainment EF 3: Rule of Law / Governance EF 6: Campaign Operations/C2 EF 4: Force Generation EF 8: STRATCOM EF 1: Plan, Program, Budget, Execute EF 2: Internal Controls/TAO EF 3: Rule of Law / Governance EF 4: Force Generation EF 5: Force Sustainment EF 6: Campaign Operations/C2 EF 7: Intelligence EF 8: STRATCOM 8 Days 3 Days SFA Working Group EF 1: Plan, Program, Budget, Execute In addition to the targeting process that elevates FB-SFA issues through the TAACs, Working Group, and Board, there is also a scheduled process by which FB-SFA issues are brought to COMISAF’s attention. The Commander’s SFA Update or CSU is a weekly briefing to COMISAF on the status of the Essential Functions. Each week in a four week rotation, COMISAF will receive an update on two of the eight Essential Functions from the EF leads, who are generally two star level. COMISAF will provide direction and guidance to the EF leads on the current issues briefed. Those two EFs will then work the issues and will present them at the SFA Working Group eight days later. If resolution cannot be made at the working group, the issues will be taken to the SFA Board three days after that. If the Working Group does reach resolution on the issues, they will not be advanced to the SFA Board. EF 7: Intelligence Unclassified

The Resolute Support Mission The 8 Essential Functions Chapter 4 The Resolute Support Mission The 8 Essential Functions FB-SFA Organization & Management The Advisor Network Tool (ANET) FB-SFA Guide 3.0 & Other Products

Unrefined Network We zoom in to give the user a sense of how GIRoA offices connect to lower offices which then connect to GIRoA officials and then finally to coalition advisors. This structure is organized hierarchically in later slides.

Corresponding Essential Function map: 4, Train Minister of Interior This slides illustrates the first iteration of the ANET where advisors are grouped under the GIRoA wire diagram (upper left), which allows for fast navigation in an interface most are already familiar with. Within each GIRoA office, advisors are also divided by their essential functions. Selecting a GIRoA office or EF triggers two actions: The corresponding process maps appear in the upper right. The user can click on each map for a more detailed description. The appropriate section of the advisor network graph is displayed on bottom of the page. The graph structure will be explained in the following slide. Advisor POC information also populates when an advisor icon (blue) is clicked. EFs / GIRoA offices / GIRoA officials / advisors Advisor Name Phone: -- ---- ----- Office: --------- *click*

Advisor’s Responsibilities in FB-SFA: Advising/Assisting Afghan counterparts through visits & embeds; Feeding problems or target sheets into the FBFSA management process; Updating the process maps; Updating the ANET; Updating the SFA handbook; & Providing lessons learned

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Summary What we have covered: The Resolute Support Mission The 8 Essential Functions FB-SFA Organization & Management The Advisor Network Tool (ANET) FB-SFA Guide 3.0 & Other Products