CRITICAL COMMUNICATION TO OVERCOME DISASTER Tadaaki YOKOO Executive Director, ARIB GSC-18 Meeting, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis, France Document No: GSC(14)18_009 Source: ARIB Contact: Tadaaki YOKOO Agenda Item: Through the Experience of Great East Japan Earthquake -

JAPAN GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 2

3 TOUCH ORIENTAL CULTURE GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

4 ENJOY TASTEFUL FOOD GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

SUFFER NATURAL DISASTER GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 5 Typhoon Earthquake Eruption

BEFORE 11 MARCH 2011 GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 6

Earthquake ： Most Severe Disaster Principal Volcanoes in the World Source ： Prepared by the Japan Meteorological Agency based on data from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Japan 212 (20.5 %) Source ： Cabinet Office on the basis of data from the Japan Meteorological Agency and USGS Number of earthquakes with magnitude of 6.0 or greater ( ) GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 7

8 Data Gathering Analysis Decision (Earthquake Phenomena Observation System) Japan Meteorological Agency Local Government Fire Department Information to Citizen Broadcaster Telecomm Operator Local Government 4200 sites around Japan Earthquake Management

9 Launched by the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) on October 1st, 2007 This time lag provides valuable seconds for self-protection and evacuation. ex) Seismometer at your city is 56km away P arrives after 8 sec S arrives after 14 sec time amplitude Primary waves (P-waves) Secondary Waves (S-waves) PS seismometer output More than 4,200 seismometers installed GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis EEW Earthquake Early Warning

10 GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis Early Warning Message No transmission to mobile devices where Earthquake warnings are not in effect. Japan Meteorological Agency Special ring tone when alert received Warning Message (in Japanese only) Area Mail servers Transmission to mobile devices where Earthquake warnings are in effect. Other Areas Affected Area Detect Earthquake Warning Earthquake Warning Broadcasting Station Earthquake Early Warning Transmitter EEW  By Mobile Operators Messages are transmitted to mobile devices via “Area Mail”  By Broadcasters Messages are transmitted to TV sets via “Super Impose” Telecomm Operator (Earthquake Early Warning) Earthquake Early Warnings Earthquake Occurred off the coast of Chiba. Please pay attention since strong shaking may occur.

11 EWBS singnals embedded in TV and radio broadcasts waves automatically swtches on TV and radio sets to inform people about impending disaster and enable them to prepare for emergencies. The EWBS has been in operation in Japan since The digital EWBS started in 2000 for satellite TV broadcasting (ISDB-S) and in 2003 for terrestrial TV broadcasting (ISDB-T). Broadcasting Station Transmitter Broadcasting Service Area Automatic Activation EWBS Meteorological Agency Alert GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis EWBS Emergency Warning Broadcasting System

ON 11 MARCH 2011 GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 12

The Great East Japan Earthquake MIYAGI TOKYO 132km 375km 14:46:18 (JST), 11 March, Magnitude Maximum seismic intensity 7 - The 4 th largest in the world since 1900  Huge Tsunami - Over 10m high - Maximum run-up height of 40.5m Source : GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 13  Earthquake

14 GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis Attacked by Earthquake and Tsunami

15 GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis We learned : At attacked area  No access means (trains, roads, ports)  No power supply continued  No facility in use Radio Tower Transmission Station Mobile Phone Shop

GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 16 We learned : At metropolitan area  No transportation available  Get home on foot  Hard to confirm family safety Mobile network ： Overload Fixed Network ： Available public telephones only (very limited) Station Road Public Telephone

17 Figure A Media accessed by people in stricken areas straight after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Figure B Reliable media for information concerning the Great East Japan Earthquake *Nomura Research Institute, News Release, 3 May 2011 *NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, The NHK Monthly Report on Broadcast Research September 2011 GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis We learned : The importance of broadcasting during a disaster

GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 18 We learned : The power of one-seg mobile TV The ISDB-T one-segment service sends TV programs to mobile phones, car TVs. This can be an important safeguard for life and property in times of emergency even when no electricity is supplied.  Policemen saved 40 lives with one-seg mobile TV alarm! Two new policemen got a tsunami warning alarm from the passengers mobile phone with TV when checking if everyone is fine in the train. They quickly decided to lead the 40 passengers to the hill to avoid the disaster of tsunami. All passengers were safely evacuated from the tsunami area before the tsunami struck the train.

AFTER 11 MARCH 2011 GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 19

20 NHK TOKYO 1st Key Backup Station 2nd Key Backup Station Broadcasting Satellite Communication Satellite Backup Function to Continue Broadcasting NHK OSAKA NHK FUKUOKA Main Transmission Site in Tokyo GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis B-up HQSHQS

21 Full Preparation for Disaster Broadcasting Satellite OB VanPower Generator at Transmission Site Helicopter Portable SNG Equipment Remote Controlled Camera Vehicle for Emergency Transmission GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis

Construction of Large-Zone Mobile Base Stations outage Wireless transmission Physical damage Wireline transmission Wireline transmission Circuit disruption Populated areas outage GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 22 outage Substitute for regular base stations with outage due to disaster 7 km radius to cover density populated areas Total 104 stations to cover 35% population Mobile Base Station

Emergency Power Supply Battery Engine Battery unit Battery Wireless transmission Prefectural and municipal government offices, etc. Engine Prefectural and municipal government offices, etc. Wireless transmission GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis23 Engine 24-hour Battery Emergency Power Supply has been additionally installed to secure mobile communication -Engine to 720 stations -24-hour Battery to 1,000 stations

Disaster Voice Messaging Service Disaster Voice Messaging Service (starting March 1, 2012) enables people to send messages as data files, free of charge, when voice calls become restricted due to a disaster Voice communication network convergence (1) Attempted voice call Calling restrictions due to network congestion Packet communication network Caller Receiver (3) Send message as data file Voice data file (2) Selectvoicemessageserviceand recordmessage Play backcaller’svoicemessage (4) Notification, after message is played I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby. GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 24

GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 25 Temporarily set up a free public telephone at 1200 Seven Eleven convenience stores in Tokyo metropolitan area when disaster occurs Free Public Telephone at Convenience store

GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 26 Are we fully prepared ? If same disaster occurs again ・・・ ① You are in a office at Tokyo, and want to talk to your family to see if they are safe with your mobile phone. ② You are in a rescue team from overseas, and want to share information with local rescue authorities with your radio system. ③ You are a traveler to Japan, and want to watch TV news with your mobile phone.

GSC-18, July 2014, Sophia Antipolis 27 Thank You !!