Pesticide, Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification

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Presentation transcript:

Pesticide, Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification

Brainstorm the pros and cons of pesticide on whiteboard

Pesticides- Pros and Cons? 1. Protect, thus protecting industries’ and farmers’ profits 2. Prevent epidemic outbreak Cons 1. Mutation randomly occur allows pest to develop resistance to pesticides 2. Costs lots of time and resources to constantly develop new poisons 3. They are often toxic substances and can accumulate and magnify in the food chain

What are pesticides? - are chemicals that kill pests - 2.3 million tonnes of pesticides used yearly - 75% used in agriculture

Bioaccumulation vs Biomagnification (of toxin e.g. pesticides) refers to an increase in the concentration of a chemical in an organism over time. Biomagnification (also bioamplification) is the increase concentration of toxic chemicals, such as pesticides as it is passed upwards and maximized to the top predator of the food chain

DDT- a dangerous pesticide DDT:(stands for Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) - First produced in 1939 a highly potent, fat soluble insecticides Tobacco extract (i.e. nicotine sulfate) as insecticides Plants themselves developed chemicals that can kill animals that graze on them a DDT molecule

Case study 1: DDT and the bald eagle Bald eagles feed on fish They disappear for many reasons: - Loss of habitat (industrialization, deforestation) - Hunting - Toxins in lake in lake

DDT in the Great Lakes How DDT enter the Great Lakes? - In this food chain, what type of consumer is the bald eagle? - tertiary (top) consumer - How could DDT end up in the bald eagle with highest concentration?

Impacts of DDT on birds double-crested cormorant DDT was banned in Canada in 1971 Egg shell thinning

Discussion There still countries haven’t banned DDT. Why would this be of concern to Canadians? Breast milk contains fat. How breast-feeding might affect the concentration of DDT in a mother and in her baby? Throw in questions of scavenger (vulture)

Mercury Poisoning- Minamata disease https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oxB_SXbxY28 Choose the most correct statement(s) The residents of Minamata have bioaccummulated mercury in their body The residents of Minamata have biomagnified mercury in their body The residents of Minamata display both bioaccummulation and biomagnification The residents of Minamata have also suffered from lead poisoning

Mercury Poisoning- Minamata disease https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oxB_SXbxY28 Choose the most correct statement(s) The residents of Minamata have bioaccummulated mercury in their body The residents of Minamata have biomagnified mercury in their body The residents of Minamata display both bioaccummulation and biomagnification The residents of Minamata have also suffered from lead poisoning

Activity You are what you eat