Sui, Tang, and Song Dynasties EQ: What qualities define power struggle s and stable periods of rule?  Chapter 5, Lesson 1 pg. 82

Vocabulary scholar-gentry Silk Road (pg. 85) Grand Canal (pg. 82) Confucius civil servant dowry

Confucius (501-479 BC) Philosopher and teacher Social Relations: People and Politics People: Should obey the law, do what the Emperor told them to do. Government- should do its duty to the people, and not abuse them. The Emperor should be cooperative and helpful to the people. His idea influence Chinese society and the rest of the world. If a person not fit to rule—overthrow the Emperor (he loses the “Mandate of Heaven”)

Sui Dynasty (581-618 AD) Han dynasty fell in 220AD Civil war until 581AD. Sui Dynasty Sui Yangdi Forced labor High taxes Luxurious lifestyle Built Grand Canal Connected Yellow and Yangzte https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuSrV-LywWQ Sui Yangdi comes to power following the three kingdoms, period – a period of chaos in China much like the Warring states period. He went on a large campaign of expansion. He used forced labor and high taxes to pay for these campaigns, as well as to build the Grand Canal. Eventually these policies led to his overthrow. *Show Grand Canal video clip from Engineering an Empire after this slide!

Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) People overthrew Sui Yangdi in 618 AD Instituted many reforms: Return to Confucian principles Return of the Silk Road and trade Restored civil service exams Difficult exams given to civil servants who worked in government Eventually fell victim to rebellions in 907 AD Powerful generals begin fighting each other.

Chinese Society Under the Tang Education becomes important. Reading becomes popular after invention of woodblock printing. Old landed aristocracy replaced by scholar-gentry Aristocrats schooled in Confucian principles Treatment of women… Female children seen as less desirable than male children. Female infants would be killed during famines. Marriage Woman became part of male’s family. Her family must provide a dowry

Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD) Song Dynasty Economic prosperity and cultural achievement. Trade increased. Painting, poetry popular Create fleet of large ships that navigate with charts and compasses. Northern neighbors (Mongols) were a constant problem. Moved capital to Hangzhou Developed a “defensive alliance” with the Mongols. The Song used gunpowder as a weapon in siege warfare, foreign trade expanded greatly, and the Chinese had the best ships in the world. Their ships contained as many as four decks, six masts, and a dozen sails. The ships were guided by a stern post rudder, while navigation was done through the use of charts and compasses. These ships could carry 500 men.

Silk Road  Caravans carried goods between China and Southwest Asia and South Asia. It was more than a trading route, however. Conduit of ideas. Three religions—Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam—spread along the Silk Road. Technical knowledge from China—including the secrets of printing, drilling wells, and making iron, gunpowder, paper, and silk—reached the West along the Silk Road. 

The Mongols Mongols are a pastoral people from present day Mongolia. Expansion originally started by Genghis Khan. Will create the largest land empire in history. The greatest joy a man can know is to conquer his enemies and drive them before him. To ride their horses and take away their possessions. To see the faces of those who were dear to them bedewed with tears."

China under the Mongols Genghis Khan’s grandson, Kublai Khan, conquered the Song in 1279. Against the Chinese, the Mongols encountered two significant obstacles. Great Wall of China Fire-lance (gunpowder) Created a new dynasty: Yuan. Kublai Khan ruled China until 1294. Moved capital to Beijing. http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-genghis-khan

Fall of the Yuan Dynasty Mongol rulers continued the Chinese political system. Over time, the dynasty won support of Chinese people. Respected stability and economic prosperity. Marco Polo visited China during the Yuan Brings Chinese technologies back to Europe. Yuan overthrown in 1368. Began the Ming dynasty.

Do you think the expedition shown on the map is traveling long distances? Use at least three details from the map to support your answer.

A view of Hangzhou, China, from Marco Polo’s Livres de Merveilles Analyzing Visuals Describe the economic activity taking place at Hangzhou.

Video Review As you watch the video in a separate sheet of paper answer the following questions. Explaining What accomplishments from the Song dynasty helped to spur trade (trade grow)? Describing What accomplishments from the Song dynasty revolutionized (change) warfare (the way people fight)?

Activity: Chinese Innovations Read “Government and Economy” pg. 84 Complete “Chinese Innovations” chart

Biography Marco Polo

Activity How did the Sui, Tang, and Song dynasties bring order to China between periods of chaos and instability? In which of the three dynasties would you have want to live and which member of society would you have been?

Activity Read government and economics Answer the following question How did the Chinese government and economy develop and change over the time period of the three dynasties?