1 Maj Gen R.C. Andersen 12 November 2014 PRESENTATION TO THE PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE & MILITARY VETERANS on the REVITALISATION OF THE RESERVES

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA To brief the PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE & MILITARY VETERANS on the Status and Revitalisation of The Reserves 2 AIM The Reserves are commanded by the Service Chiefs and not Chief of the Defence Reserves

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA CONTENT   Background   Why have Reserves (Business Case)   Ministerial Priority   One Force Concept   Role of the Reserves   Reserve Service System   Where are we now?   Strengths   Equity status   University Reserve Training Programme (URTP)   What have we achieved? 3

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA CONTENT (2)   Where do we want to be?   Revitalisation and Transformation Plan   What are the challenges to get there?   Feeder System   Continuation training   Leader group development and transformation   Conclusion 4

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Good for Citizenship and Nation building. Popularises Defence Force. Cost Effective – –Not paid when not called up – –No pension cost – –Medical cover only on call up Provide access to scarce/expensive skills and experience Provide surge capacity when needed. Legal requirement. Required by the White Paper on Defence 1996 and Defence Review. WHY HAVE RESERVES? 5 SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA THE BUSINESS CASE Reserves are less expensive than Regulars Reserves currently take only 7% of SA Army Salary budget. Reserves provide up to 50% of deployments in SA Army, especially for border safeguarding 6 SANDF RESERVES The Defence Review requires at least 8% personnel expenses to be spent on Reserves

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 7 MINISTERIAL PRIORITY 6 As part of the one-force concept, the Reserves will continue to be transformed and revitalised to fulfil their primary role of providing a large component of the conventional landward capability of the SANDF whilst at the same time supplementing peace support missions conducted by the Regulars. SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA ONE FORCE CONCEPT THREE COMPONENTS -Regulars -Reserves -PSAPs EQUAL PROMINENCE REGULARS AND RESERVES -Equal training -Equal standards -Appropriate service conditions 8 Reserves are not unionised but part of grievance structure SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA ROLE OF THE RESERVES (Defence Review) Augment the Regulars in ongoing operations and day-to-day activities of the Defence ForceAugment the Regulars in ongoing operations and day-to-day activities of the Defence Force Form part of standing and surge military force capabilityForm part of standing and surge military force capability Provide expansion capability for major combat operations and crisis responseProvide expansion capability for major combat operations and crisis response Provide certain specialist and scarce skills to Defence ForceProvide certain specialist and scarce skills to Defence Force Provide the main specialist capability for reconstruction and developmentProvide the main specialist capability for reconstruction and development Enhance relationship between the Defence Force, the public and private sectorsEnhance relationship between the Defence Force, the public and private sectors 9 Reserves are employed at all levels of SANDF and in most Divisions SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 10 From a Former Force From the Regulars From MSDS From Direct Recruitment (prospective) Into a pool of specialists Into the University Reserve Training Programme HOW TO JOIN THE RESERVE FORCE? SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA THE RESERVE SERVICE SYSTEM SCHOOLRECRUITMENTSELECTION TWO YEARS MSDS RESKILLING JOB/PLACEMENT5 YEARS SERVICE IN A RES F UNIT MSDS YEAR 1YEAR 2YEAR 3YEAR 4YEAR 5 Voluntary participation Cont TrgDeployConv ExerciseCont TrgDeployYEAR 6+ 11

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA SERVICE /DIVISIONSTRENGTH SA Army SA Air Force 966 SA Navy SA Military Health Service Log Division 465 Defence Legal Service 236 Joint Operations Division All Other 450 Total members called-up between 01 April 2014 – 30 September 2014 Defence Review Milestone 1 = Reserves Milestone 2 = Reserves Ultimate Goal = Reserves SANDF RESERVE CURRENT STRENGTH – 30 SEPTEMBER

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Female – 23,5% (Target 30%) Ser No Population GroupMaleFemaleTotal abcd 1African (70.8%) 2Asian (0.8%) 3Coloured (12.6%) 4White (15.6%) 5Unknown (0.1%) Total Reserves (100%) TOTAL RESERVE FORCE CURRENT EQUITY STATUS 30 SEPTEMBER Average Age – 38

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA SANDF RESERVE FORCE EQUITY PER RANK GROUP – 30 SEPTEMBER RACE RANK GROUPINGS LtMaj Brig Col – Maj Capt – 2Lt CplnWOs SSgt – L Cpl PteTotal % Total Gen Male ,6% Female % %100%46.2%37.5%21.1%53.7%69.1%11,2% 64.4% 82.9% ,8% Male % Female ,1% %0.0% 1.6%0,9%2,2%1,9% 0,2%1840,8% Male ,4% Female ,2% %0.0% 4%7,2%11%12% 15,2%12,7% ,6% Male ,8% Female ,9% %0.0%53.8%62,5%73,2%38,1%17.6%74,8%18,3%4.1% ,6% Not Captured ,1% TOTAL % GENDER AFRICAN ASIAN COLOURED WHITES

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 15 THE UNIVERSITY RESERVE TRAINING PROGRAMME (URTP) The URTP is a SANDF Programme aimed at the recruitment and training of mainly undergraduate and postgraduate students with specific skills and leadership characteristics with thespecific skills and leadership characteristics with the objective to objective to qualify them for appointment into Militaryqualify them for appointment into Military Leadership positions Leadership positions SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA applicants for 200 slots in 2014 in KZN SANDF RESERVES URTP PROGRESS ( ) REGION SERVICE/ DIVISION LEVEL OF TRAINING UNIVERSITY BMTOFT Free State SA Army University of the Free State, Central University of Technology Western Cape SA Army SAMHS Universities of the Western Cape, Stellenbosch & Cape Town Cape Peninsula University of Technology GautengSA Air Force25 University of Pretoria University of the Witwatersrand Western Cape SA Navy 14 7 University of Cape Town University of Stellenbosch Gauteng & North West SA Army SAMHS Log Division Universities of Pretoria & Johannesburg University of the Witwatersrand Tshwane University of Technology North West University UNISA

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED?   Change in demographics   Deployments – Highly rated e.g. UN   PSOs (45 coys to date)   Border Safeguarding (Includes KNP) (52 coys to date)   Internal operations (World Cup, Xenophobia, Public Service Strike, Home Affairs, Military Vets Registration)   Defence Provincial Liaison Councils (7) formed – Employer support   Air Reserve Squadrons have a particular role – flying hours cut by 100% - will re-open   Navy Reserve INDABA – Plan to revitalise Reserve under development 17 SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 18 RESERVE MEMBERS OF FIRST CITY (GRAHAMSTOWN) DEPLOYED IN THE DRC

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 19 C-COY (4 th COY IN THE BN) OF FIRST CITY RECEIVING THEIR MEDALS IN THE DRC

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 20 Integrated Ex Combatants Integrated Ex Combatants Regulations – Published in 2009 Regulations – Published in 2009 Clarified roles of RFC vs Defence Reserves Clarified roles of RFC vs Defence Reserves Change to Defence Act – enforced call ups in times other than war Change to Defence Act – enforced call ups in times other than war Shooting – competitions/high standards internationally Shooting – competitions/high standards internationally Military Skills Competition – local and international successes Military Skills Competition – local and international successes WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED? (2) SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 21 WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED? (3) SANDF RESERVES Support to the community – e.g. bridge building Support to the community – e.g. bridge building Young Lions (SA Army)/Siyandiza (SAAF)/Sea Cadets (SA Navy) Young Lions (SA Army)/Siyandiza (SAAF)/Sea Cadets (SA Navy) Reserves addressed and supported extensively in the Defence Review & Commander’s Intent Reserves addressed and supported extensively in the Defence Review & Commander’s Intent SANDF Educational Trust supporting 7 children of Reserves SANDF Educational Trust supporting 7 children of Reserves

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 22 MILITARY PARADE – 10 th ANNIVERSARY OF PSOs RESERVE UNIT COLOURS ON PARADE

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 23 The Revitalisation and Transformation Plan was approved by the Military Command Council in September 2011, subject to the availability of funds The Revitalisation and Transformation Plan was approved by the Military Command Council in September 2011, subject to the availability of funds The plan has got 17 elements and it addresses all the identified challenges on Revitalisation and Transformation The plan has got 17 elements and it addresses all the identified challenges on Revitalisation and Transformation CONSOLIDATED RESERVE REVITALISATION AND TRANSFORMATION PLAN Full implementation threatened by budget cuts/constraints SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA AREAS ADDRESSED IN THE REVITALISATION PLAN SANDF RESERVES 24 Design Design Structure Structure Types Types Role Role Size Size Leader Group Leader Group Footprint Footprint Unit Names Unit Names Training Training Legislation Legislation Service Benefits Service Benefits Utilisation Utilisation Management Management

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 25 CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN   Conversion from an unemployed Reserve to a Reserve with civilian jobs – create ongoing process   Skills development – mainly after MSDS   Job placement – currently 60% success rate   Incentives for Reserves – Educational bursaries   Employer Incentives – when staff called up Revitalisation Plan addresses challenges – approved subject to funds which are not available SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 26   Feeder System   MSDS – not effective/sufficient. Consequently limited flow of new recruits into the SA Army and SAMHS Reserves (38% “Shrinkage”)   Consequences Tempo of deployments won't be maintained An aging Reserve Slow transformation in Leadership CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN (2) Amount required for 1250 intake to SA Army Reserves Rm275 pa and 400 to SAMHS Rm90 SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 27  Continuation Training – Insufficient  All Services need to invest more in training  Non Infantry Units (e.g. Artillery and Armour) at disadvantage and capability under threat disadvantage and capability under threat  Affects transformation- delayed promotions  Funds being diluted by use for pre-deployment training  Inadequate funds for leader group development. in all Services and thus for transformation. in all Services and thus for transformation  Names of Army Units – under review to be more. representative. representative SANDF RESERVES CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN (3)

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 28 Implementation of Defence Review & Commander’s Intent Finalisation of Force Design Focus on transformation Revision of MSDS, including job placement and separate Reserve intakes Direct Recruitment – including Reserve training nodal points Support National Youth Service, Young Lions, Siyandiza & Sea Cadets QUO VADIS? SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 29 Engagement by C Def Res with Service Chiefs Increase manday budget from Potential support to the developmental agenda Extend role in rural development Roll out URTP to all Provinces Review on Legislation. Discrimination by employer - Moratorium Act 25 of 1963 Review of General Regulations QUO VADIS? (2) SANDF RESERVES

Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA We have made significant progress with deployments and the URTP. There is commitment in the SANDF and support in the Defence Review. The focus is now on feeder systems, continuation training, leader group development and transformation. All this is however subject to the availability of funds and mandays 30 CONCLUSION

SANDF RESERVES Part-time volunteers Building a South Africa that truly belongs to all defence Department: Defence Reserves REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 31