Chapter 35 Interference (cont.).

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Wave Nature of Light  Refraction  Interference  Young’s double slit experiment  Diffraction  Single slit diffraction  Diffraction grating.
Advertisements

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley PowerPoint ® Lectures for University Physics, Twelfth Edition – Hugh D. Young.
PH 103 Dr. Cecilia Vogel Lecture 8. Review Outline  diffraction  interference  coherence  Diffraction/interference examples  double - slit and diffraction.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture 3 – Physical Optics b) Diffraction.
last dance Chapter 26 – diffraction – part ii
Why monochromatic? Why slit S 0 ?. In the double slit interference pattern: moving the slits farther apart will a) make the pattern spread out b) make.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley PowerPoint ® Lectures for University Physics, Twelfth Edition – Hugh D. Young.
Diffraction of Light Waves
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 6e
Chapter 34 The Wave Nature of Light; Interference
Copyright © 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley. Double-slit interference Diffraction gratings Thin-film interference Single-slit.
Lecture 3 – Physical Optics
Physics 52 - Heat and Optics Dr. Joseph F. Becker Physics Department San Jose State University © 2005 J. F. Becker.
Physics 52 - Heat and Optics Dr. Joseph F. Becker Physics Department San Jose State University © 2005 J. F. Becker.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc. PowerPoint ® Lectures for University Physics, Thirteenth Edition – Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman Lectures.
General Physics 2Light as a Wave1 The Nature of Light When studying geometric optics, we used a ray model to describe the behavior of light. A wave model.
Chapter 25: Interference and Diffraction
Chapter 16 Interference and Diffraction Interference Objectives: Describe how light waves interfere with each other to produce bright and dark.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc. PowerPoint ® Lectures for University Physics, Thirteenth Edition – Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman Lectures.
Diffraction, Gratings, Resolving Power
Fig Phasor diagrams used to find the amplitude of the E field in single-slit diffraction. (a) All phasors are in phase. (b) Each phasor differs in.
Chapter 32 Light: Reflection and Refraction
Happyphysics.com Physics Lecture Resources Prof. Mineesh Gulati Head-Physics Wing Happy Model Hr. Sec. School, Udhampur, J&K Website: happyphysics.com.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 32 Light: Reflection and Refraction.
The wave nature of light Interference Diffraction Polarization
Chapter 27 Interference and the Wave Nature of Light.
Interference and the Wave Nature of Light
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. PowerPoint ® Lectures for College Physics: A Strategic Approach, Second Edition Chapter 17 Wave Optics.
Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or the edges of an opening. Huygen’s Principle - Every point on a wave front acts as a source of tiny.
Q35.1 Two sources S1 and S2 oscillating in phase emit sinusoidal waves. Point P is 7.3 wavelengths from source S1 and 4.3 wavelengths from source S2. As.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. { Chapter 35 Interference (not given– computer problems)
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. ConcepTest Clicker Questions Chapter 28 Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker.
S-110 A.What does the term Interference mean when applied to waves? B.Describe what you think would happened when light interferes constructively. C.Describe.
Physics Light: Geometric Optics 24.1 Waves versus Particles 24.2 Huygens’ Principle 24.3 Young’s double-slit Interference 24.5 Single-slit Diffractin.
1© Manhattan Press (H.K.) Ltd. 9.7Diffraction Water waves Water waves Light waves Light waves Fraunhofer diffraction Fraunhofer diffraction.
Light Interference Continued…
Ch 16 Interference. Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or the edges of an opening. Huygen’s Principle - Every point on a wave front.
Diffraction Introduction to Diffraction Patterns
Light of wavelength passes through a single slit of width a. The diffraction pattern is observed on a screen a distance x from the slit. Q double.
Diffraction the ability of waves to bend around obstacles Newton tried to explain diffraction due to an attraction between light particles and edge of.
Light Wave Interference In chapter 14 we discussed interference between mechanical waves. We found that waves only interfere if they are moving in the.
Chapter 35&36 Interference and the Wave Nature of Light 1.Light as a Wave 2.THE PRINCIPLE OF LINEAR SUPERPOSITION 3.Young's Double-Slit Experiment 4.Diffraction.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. { Chapter 35 Interference.
Chapter 24 The Wave Nature of Light
Physics 102: Lecture 21, Slide 1 Diffraction, Gratings, Resolving Power Physics 102: Lecture 21.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 35-Diffraction.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Two sources S 1 and S 2 oscillating in phase emit sinusoidal waves. Point P is 7.3 wavelengths from source S 1 and 4.3 wavelengths.
Double the slit width a and double the wavelength
Diffraction Chapter 36 Protein crystallography at SLAC, Stanford, CA
Q1.1 Find the wavelength of light used in this 2- slits interference.
Q35.1 Two sources S1 and S2 oscillating in phase emit sinusoidal waves. Point P is 7.3 wavelengths from source S1 and 4.3 wavelengths from source S2. As.
INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION
constructive interference. destructive interference.
Diffraction through a single slit
Diffraction and Thin Film Interference
Interference and the Wave Nature of Light
Phys102 Lecture 25 The Wave Nature of Light; Interference
A. Double the slit width a and double the wavelength λ.
Chapter 35-Diffraction Chapter 35 opener. Parallel coherent light from a laser, which acts as nearly a point source, illuminates these shears. Instead.
Interference of Light Waves
A. Double the slit width a and double the wavelength l.
Phys102 Lecture 25 The Wave Nature of Light; Interference
Interference Introduction to Optics Coherent source
Two sources S1 and S2 oscillating in phase emit sinusoidal waves.
Examples of single-slit diffraction (Correction !!)
Q35.1 Two sources S1 and S2 oscillating in phase emit sinusoidal waves. Point P is 7.3 wavelengths from source S1 and 4.3 wavelengths from source S2. As.
Max. max Figure 37.4 (a) Constructive interference occurs at point P when the waves combine. (b) Constructive interference also occurs at point Q.
Presentation transcript:

Chapter 35 Interference (cont.)

Interference in thin films Figure 35.11 (right) shows why thin-film interference occurs, with an illustration. Figure 35.12 (below) shows interference of an air wedge.

Phase shifts during reflection Follow the text analysis of thin-film interference and phase shifts during reflection. Use Figure 35.13 below.

Q35.6 An air wedge separates two glass plates as shown. Light of wavelength l strikes the upper plate at normal incidence. At a point where the air wedge has thickness t, you will see a bright fringe if t equals l/2. 3l/4. C. . D. either A. or C. E. any of A., B., or C. Answer: B

A35.6 An air wedge separates two glass plates as shown. Light of wavelength l strikes the upper plate at normal incidence. At a point where the air wedge has thickness t, you will see a bright fringe if t equals l/2. 3l/4. C. . D. either A. or C. E. any of A., B., or C.

Newton’s rings Figure 35.16 below illustrates the interference rings (called Newton’s rings) resulting from an air film under a lens.

Using interference fringes to test a lens The lens to be tested is placed on top of the master lens. If the two surfaces do not match, Newton’s rings will appear, as in Figure 35.17 at the right.

Chapter 36 Diffraction

Diffraction According to geometric optics, a light source shining on an object in front of a screen should cast a sharp shadow. Surprisingly, this does not occur because of diffraction.

Diffraction and Huygen’s Principle Fresnel diffraction: Source, screen, and obstacle are close together. Fraunhofer diffraction: Source, screen, and obstacle are far apart. Figure 36.2 below shows the diffraction pattern of a razor blade.

Diffraction from a single slit In Figure 36.3 below, the prediction of geometric optics in (a) does not occur. Instead, a diffraction pattern is produced, as in (b).

Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction by a single slit Figure 36.4 below shows Fresnel (near-field) and Frauenhofer (far-field) diffraction for a single slit.

Locating the dark fringes Figure 36.5 below shows the geometry for Fraunhofer diffraction.

An example of single-slit diffraction Figure 36.6 (bottom left) is a photograph of a Fraunhofer pattern of a single horizontal slit.

Intensity maxima in a single-slit pattern Figure 36.9 at the right shows the intensity versus angle in a single-slit diffraction pattern. Part (b) is photograph of the diffraction of water waves.

Width of the single-slit pattern The single-slit diffraction pattern depends on the ratio of the slit width a to the wavelength . (Figure 36.10 below.)

A. Double the slit width a and double the wavelength l. Q36.1 Light of wavelength l passes through a single slit of width a. The diffraction pattern is observed on a screen that is very far from from the slit. Which of the following will give the greatest increase in the angular width of the central diffraction maximum? A. Double the slit width a and double the wavelength l. B. Double the slit width a and halve the wavelength l. C. Halve the slit width a and double the wavelength l. D. Halve the slit width a and halve the wavelength l. Answer: C

A36.1 Light of wavelength l passes through a single slit of width a. The diffraction pattern is observed on a screen that is very far from from the slit. Which of the following will give the greatest increase in the angular width of the central diffraction maximum? A. Double the slit width a and double the wavelength l. B. Double the slit width a and halve the wavelength l. C. Halve the slit width a and double the wavelength l. D. Halve the slit width a and halve the wavelength l.

What is the maximum slit width a for which this occurs? Q36.2 In a single-slit diffraction experiment with waves of wavelength l, there will be no intensity minima (that is, no dark fringes) if the slit width is small enough. What is the maximum slit width a for which this occurs? A. a = l/2 B. a = l C. a = 2l D. The answer depends on the distance from the slit to the screen on which the diffraction pattern is viewed. Answer: B

A36.2 In a single-slit diffraction experiment with waves of wavelength l, there will be no intensity minima (that is, no dark fringes) if the slit width is small enough. What is the maximum slit width a for which this occurs? A. a = l/2 B. a = l C. a = 2l D. The answer depends on the distance from the slit to the screen on which the diffraction pattern is viewed.

Two slits of finite width For slits extremely narrow, behaves very close to ideal case from previous chapter For wider slits, behaves like a combination of single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference.

Interference pattern of several slits Figure 36.15 below shows the interference pattern for 2, 8, and 16 equally spaced narrow slits.

A. The bright areas move farther apart. Q36.3 In Young’s experiment, coherent light passing through two slits separated by a distance d produces a pattern of dark and bright areas on a distant screen. If instead you use 10 slits, each the same distance d from its neighbor, how does the pattern change? A. The bright areas move farther apart. B. The bright areas move closer together. C. The spacing between bright areas remains the same, but the bright areas become narrower. D. The spacing between bright areas remains the same, but the bright areas become broader. Answer: C

A36.3 In Young’s experiment, coherent light passing through two slits separated by a distance d produces a pattern of dark and bright areas on a distant screen. If instead you use 10 slits, each the same distance d from its neighbor, how does the pattern change? A. The bright areas move farther apart. B. The bright areas move closer together. C. The spacing between bright areas remains the same, but the bright areas become narrower. D. The spacing between bright areas remains the same, but the bright areas become broader.