European Macro-Regions Andrea Gramillano t33 ESPON Seminar “Territories Acting for Economic Growth: Using territorial evidence to meet challenges towards 2020” Inspire policy making by territorial evidence

1.Are there certain standards that can be found in all macro regions? What are unique conditions for the European macro-regions? 2. How do macro-regions take on-board European and global development dynamics? 3. How could continuous territorial evidence and tailor-made benchmarking support efficient implementation and investments? Key questions

Outline of the presentation 3) Conclusions: opportunities for ESPON development 2) The experience of ESPON TerrEvi project a)TerrEvi b) Evidences on territorial dynamics and governance 1) Macro-regionalisation process in Europe a) Macro-regions at a glance b) Common standardsc) Uniqueness

1) Macro-regionalisation process in Europe

a) Macro regions at a glance Focus: institutional macro-regionalisation process Purpose:  Promoting place-based and coordinated Cohesion policy  Promoting multi-level governance  Strengthening cooperation with neighboring countries(foreign policy)  Reducing regional disparities and promoting territorial cohesion  Increasing value for money (effectiveness) 1) Macro-regionalisation process in Europe Front-runners (under implementation) Baltic Sea region Danube region New (definition of the strategy) Adriatic Ionian region (2014) Alpine region (2015) Future (under consideration) Carpathian region, Black sea, Atlantic Arc, Mediterranean Sea, North Sea

b) Common standards to all macro-regions 1) Macro-regionalisation process in Europe FeaturesChallenges 1Sharing common territories and functional characteristics (“soft spaces”) -“Transforming” the common natural resource (sea, river) from being a barrier in a bridge - Given financial allocation of the programmes 2Based on multi-level governance (vertical and horizontal coordination) Complexity of multi-level governance procedures (a lot of cooperation spaces) European and global dynamics?

1) Macro-regionalisation process in Europe StrategyBaltic Sea Danube region EUSAIRAlpine region Innovation and blue growthXXX ProsperityXX Quality of environmentXXXX Accessibility and connectionXXX Attractiveness and tourismXX Social and territorial disparities X Safety and securityX Education policyX c) Unique conditions for European Macro-regions  1) European and global development dynamics

1) Macro-regionalisation process in Europe c) Unique conditions for European Macro-regions  1) European and global development dynamics Sustainable management of the resources and exploitation of the growth potential (attractiveness + accessibility)

c) Unique conditions for European Macro-regions  2) The specificity of the natural environment (EUSAIR, DANUBE)  3) Cooperation background (EUSAIR, BALTIC)  4) EU and non-EU members 1)Macro-regionalisation process in Europe

2) The experience of ESPON TerrEvi project

Territorial needs identification Strategy justification Project selection Monitoring and evaluation Stakeholders’ consultation Why question of the project: Can ESPON evidence be relevant (usable and useful) for Programming? a)TerrEvi project

 Main evaluation activities and tools 1.Various tools: Maps (Zoom – in and zoom-out), Box-plots and Traffic lights, Table with list of relevant ESPON readings 2.Products 66 factsheets (53 CBC and 13 TNC programmes) 10 Territorial Evidence Packs 3.Dissemination activities (website, app, social network and 5 local events) 2) The experience of ESPON TerrEvi project 12 What can be used for “Macro-regions”???

2) The experience of ESPON TerrEvi project TerrEvi products FactsheetEvidence PackDiss. report Macro-region Baltic Sea region X (Baltic Sea) Danube region X (SE Europe) Alpine region X (Alpine Space) EUSAIR X (SE Europe) Thematic paper + t33 paper (2012) North Sea X (North Sea) Mediterranean Sea X (Med) Atlantic Arc X (Atlantic Area) Multi-level governance Thematic paper b) Evidences on territorial dynamics and governance

3) Conclusions: opportunities for ESPON development

-Results of TerrEvi project on the use of ESPON Evidence -Macro-regions: additional challenges (e.g. non- Eu countries) 3) Conclusions: opportunities for ESPON development Territorial needs identification Strategy justification Stakeholders’ involvement Project selection Monitoring and evaluation system ESPON is used  ESPON could be used  ? ESPON is difficult to be used  

3) Conclusions: opportunities for ESPON development 16 ESPON for benchmarking across programmes ESPON support for policy implementation and evaluation (“name & shame”) Macro-regions Cohesion policy maker perspective

3) Conclusions: opportunities for ESPON development 17 ESPON as a tool of policy accountability and awareness ESPON as a reference beyond Cohesion policy Outside Cohesion policy perspective

Thanks a lot for your attention Andrea Gramillano