Peace Treaties during the Inter-War Period IB 20 th Century World

Peace treaties signed TREATY OF VERSAILLESGermany28 June 1919 TREATYDealt with:Signed on: TREATY OF ST GERMAINAustria10 July 1919 TREATY OF NEUILLYBulgaria27 November 1919 TREATY OF TRIANONHungary4 June 1920 TREATY OF SÈVRESTurkey20 August 1920 TREATY OF BREST-LITOVSKRussiaMarch 1918 TREATY OF LAUSANNETurkeySeptember 1923 Paris Settlement

RUSSIA GERMANY AUSTRIA - HUNGARY Poland Czechoslovakia Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania AustriaHungary Yugo- slavia Romania To Italy To France To Denmark Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Treaty of Versailles Treaties of St Germain and Trianon Territorial changes made to the three great empires by the peace treaties

Treaty of St. Germain Austria –Similar to treaty with Germany but harsher on this new state Territory reduced to Vienna and the German speaking western provinces = 1/10 size of before Army limited to 30,000 Navy limited to 3 police boats on Danube River Reparations

Treaty of Saint Germain The Treaty of Saint Germain, July 10, 1919, between the Allies and the new Republic of Austria. Not ratified by the US. Austro-Hungarian Empire to be dissolved. Republic of Austria recognized the independence of Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and the State of Slovenes, Croatians and Serbians. Included war reparations of large sums of money, directed towards the allies, to pay for the costs of the war.

Treaty of Trianon Hungary –Even harsher on this new state Lost ¾ of it’s territory 2/3 of it’s population 3 million Hungarians become citizens of Rumania, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia Army limited to 35,000 Reparations

Treaty of Trianon The Treaty of Trianon concluded in 1920 at the end of WWI by the Allies and Hungary The treaty established the borders of Hungary. Hungary lost over 72% of the territory it had previously controlled, which left 64% of the inhabitants, including 3.3 out of 10.7 million (31%) ethnic Hungarians, living outside Hungary. In addition, the newly established nation of Hungary had to pay war reparations to its neighbors.

Treaty of Neuilly (noo-yee) Bulgaria –Lost border territory to Yugoslavia & Greece –Forced to surrender her navy –Limit army to 20,000 men –Reparation payments

Treaty of Neuilly The Treaty of Neuilly, dealing with Bulgaria for its role as one of the Central powers in WWI, was signed on Nov. 27, 1919 at Neuilly, France. Bulgaria was also required to reduce its army to 20,000 men, pay reparations exceeding $400 million, and recognize the existence of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

Treaty of Sevres (sev-ruh) Turkey (Ottoman Empire) –Secret Treaties made during the war was to divide the empire among the allies. This was in a mess for over 20 years. The land was divided up between the allies –Palestine, Mesopotamia, Jordon went to Britain –Syria and Lebanon to France

Treaty of Sevres The Treaty of Sèvres (10 August 1920) was the peace treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Allied at the end of WWI. The treaty nullified the territorial gains of the empire during the war. Sevres is a suburb of Paris (where treaty was signed)

Treaty of Lausanne (loh-zann) The Treaty of Lausanne was a peace treaty signed in Lausanne, Switzerland on September 24, 1923 The treaty was the consequence of the Turkish War of Independence between the Allies of World War I and Turkey. The treaty also led to the international recognition of the sovereignty of the new Republic of Turkey as the successor state of the defunct Ottoman Empire

Treaties of St Germain (1919), Neuilly (1919), Trianon (1920), Sèvres (1920) and Lausanne (1923) Terms St Germain (Austria) and Trianon (Hungary): - Czechoslovakia formed from provinces of Bohemia, Moravia, Slovakia, Ruthenia. - Romania received Transylvania and Bukovina - Serbia (Yugoslavia) received Dalmatia, Bosnia- Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia Neuilly (Bulgaria): -Greece received Aegean coastline and W. Thrace - Romania received Dobrudja - Serbia (Yugoslavia) received parts of Macedonia) Sèvres (Turkey): - Mandate of Arab provinces (Transjordan, Palestine and Iraq to Britain; Syria and Lebanon to France) - Hejaz joined to rest of Arabia - Greece received Smyrna for 5 years, E Thrace, Aegean islands - Italy received Rhodes and Dodecanese - Straits internationalized Lausanne (Turkey): - E. Thrace restored to Turkey -Smyrna withdrawn from Greece - Rhodes and Dodecanese withdrawn from Italy