Step Up To: Psychology by John J. Schulte, Psy.D. From Myers, Psychology 8e Worth Publishers

Chapter 17: Therapy What Works? More Views Biomedical What’s on your mind? Who will you call?

What’s on your mind? 500 400 300 200 100

More Views 500 400 300 200 100

What Works? 500 400 300 200 100

Biomedical 500 400 300 200 100

Who will you call? 500 400 300 200 100

1. Transference refers to a client’s: A) conversion of psychological conflicts into physical and behavioral disorders. B) expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier life relationships. C) replacement of self-centeredness with a genuine concern for others. D) translation of threatening dream content into non-threatening manifest symbols.

2. An important feature of client-centered therapy is: A) interpretation. B) systematic desensitization. C) transference. D) active listening.

3. In one treatment for bed-wetting, the child sleeps on a liquid-sensitive pad that, when wet, triggers an alarm and awakens the child. This is a form of: A) biomedical therapy. B) cognitive therapy. C) behavior therapy. D) humanistic therapy.

4. A central therapeutic technique of psychoanalysis is: A) free association. B) stress inoculation training. C) systematic desensitization. D) observational learning.

Systematic desensitization is based on the idea that ___ facilitates the elimination of fear. A) the placebo effect. B) movement of the eyes. C) therapeutic touch. D) relaxation.

6. In programs to treat alcoholism, clients consume alcohol that contains a nausea-producing drug. The therapist is using a technique known as: A) operant conditioning. B) aversive conditioning. C) systematic desensitization. D) free association.

7. Empathic understanding of the patient’s subjective experiences is a major goal of a: A) psychoanalyst. B) biomedical therapist. C) client-centered therapist. D) behavior therapist.

8. Which therapeutic approach emphasizes that people are often disturbed because of their irrational interpretations of events? A) cognitive therapy B) client-centered therapy C) virtual reality exposure therapy D) systematic desensitization

9. The approach that has helped autistic children learn to function successfully in school involves: A) systematic desensitization. B) the double-blind technique. C) operant conditioning. D) family therapy.

10. In order to help Mr. Everson overcome his alcoholism, Dr 10. In order to help Mr. Everson overcome his alcoholism, Dr. Schulte wanted to discover whether the client’s chemical dependency was somehow encouraged by his wife’s behavior. Dr. Schulte’s concern is most likely characteristic of a: A) psychoanalyst. B) family therapist. C) client-centered therapist. D) cognitive therapist.

11. An eclectic therapist is one who: A) prescribes the use of drugs as part of psychotherapy. B) emphasizes that active listening is the major technique in all effective therapies. C) prefers to engage in therapy in a group setting. D) uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic approaches.

12. Dylan is a college sophomore who feels so personally incompetent that he believes his life is worthless and hopeless. Dylan would profit the most from: A) psychoanalysis. B) therapeutic touch. C) cognitive therapy. D) medication.

13. After performing a meta-analysis of some 475 psychotherapy outcome studies, Smith and her colleagues reported in 1980 that: A) evidence overwhelmingly supports the efficacy of psychotherapy. B) psychotherapy is no more effective than talking to a friend. C) psychotherapy harms just as many people as it helps. D) it is impossible to measure the effectiveness of psychotherapy.

14. Exposure therapy has been found to be most useful for the treatment of: A) insomnia. B) depression. C) anxiety. D) alcoholism.

15. The most common ingredient underlying the success of diverse psychotherapies is the: A) professional training and experience of the therapist. B) temporary escape from real-life pressures offered by psychotherapy. C) length of time the client spends in psychotherapy. D) client’s expectation that psychotherapy will make things better.

16. Which form of therapy has most directly contributed to the sharp reduction in the number of residents in American mental hospitals? A) psychosurgery B) cognitive therapy C) electroconvulsive therapy D) drug therapy

17. One good alternative to antidepressant drugs is: A) EMDR. B) aerobic exercise. C) therapeutic touch. D) virtual reality exposure therapy.

18. Prozac is an antidepressant drug that partially blocks the reabsorption and removal of: A) serotonin. B) dopamine. C) acetylcholine. D) chlorpromazine.

19. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation shows greatest promise for the treatment of: A) schizophrenia. B) anxiety. C) alcoholism. D) depression.

20. During the 1940’s and 50’s, lobotomies were most likely to be performed on psychologically disordered patients who were: A) uncontrollably violent. B) hopelessly depressed. C) obsessively hypochondriacal. D) irreparably amnesic.

21. Dr. Miller prescribes drugs for the treatment of chronic depression. It is most likely that Dr. Miller is a: A) psychoanalyst. B) psychiatrist. C) interpersonal therapist. D) clinical psychologist.

22. Preventive mental health attempts to reduce the incidence of psychological disorders by: A) enabling more people to see professional psychotherapists. B) encouraging depressed people to take more personal responsibility. C) establishing programs to alleviate poverty and other demoralizing situations. D) emphasizing the importance of using a wide variety of therapeutic methods.

23. Light exposure therapy was developed to relieve symptoms of: A) insomnia. B) anxiety. C) bulimia. D) depression.

24. Virtual reality exposure therapy is most similar to: A) stress inoculation training. B) aversive conditioning. C) therapeutic touch. D) systematic desensitization.

25. Cognitive therapists are most likely to encourage depressed clients to: A) stop blaming themselves for negative circumstances beyond their control. B) sense and express their own real moment-to-moment feelings of depression. C) carefully observe the negative consequences of their depression. D) take more personal responsibility for their own negative feelings and actions.

Congratulations!

Answers Stop here, or continue as a review

1. Transference refers to a client’s: A) conversion of psychological conflicts into physical and behavioral disorders. B) expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier life relationships. C) replacement of self-centeredness with a genuine concern for others. D) translation of threatening dream content into non-threatening manifest symbols. 687

2. An important feature of client-centered therapy is: A) interpretation. B) systematic desensitization. C) transference. D) active listening. 689

3. In one treatment for bed-wetting, the child sleeps on a liquid-sensitive pad that, when wet, triggers an alarm and awakens the child. This is a form of: A) biomedical therapy. B) cognitive therapy. C) behavior therapy. D) humanistic therapy. 690

4. A central therapeutic technique of psychoanalysis is: A) free association. B) stress inoculation training. C) systematic desensitization. D) observational learning. 687

Systematic desensitization is based on the idea that ___ facilitates the elimination of fear. A) the placebo effect. B) movement of the eyes. C) therapeutic touch. D) relaxation. 692

A) operant conditioning. B) aversive conditioning. 6. In programs to treat alcoholism, clients consume alcohol that contains a nausea-producing drug. The therapist is using a technique known as: A) operant conditioning. B) aversive conditioning. C) systematic desensitization. D) free association. 692

7. Empathic understanding of the patient’s subjective experiences is a major goal of a: A) psychoanalyst. B) biomedical therapist. C) client-centered therapist. D) behavior therapist. 689

B) client-centered therapy C) virtual reality exposure therapy 8. Which therapeutic approach emphasizes that people are often disturbed because of their irrational interpretations of events? A) cognitive therapy B) client-centered therapy C) virtual reality exposure therapy D) systematic desensitization 695

A) systematic desensitization. B) the double-blind technique. 9. The approach that has helped autistic children learn to function successfully in school involves: A) systematic desensitization. B) the double-blind technique. C) operant conditioning. D) family therapy. 693

C) client-centered therapist. D) cognitive therapist. 10. In order to help Mr. Everson overcome his alcoholism, Dr. Schulte wanted to discover whether the client’s chemical dependency was somehow encouraged by his wife’s behavior. Dr. Schulte’s concern is most likely characteristic of a: A) psychoanalyst. B) family therapist. C) client-centered therapist. D) cognitive therapist. 697

11. An eclectic therapist is one who: A) prescribes the use of drugs as part of psychotherapy. B) emphasizes that active listening is the major technique in all effective therapies. C) prefers to engage in therapy in a group setting. D) uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic approaches. 686

12. Dylan is a college sophomore who feels so personally incompetent that he believes his life is worthless and hopeless. Dylan would profit the most from: A) psychoanalysis. B) therapeutic touch. C) cognitive therapy. D) medication. 695

13. After performing a meta-analysis of some 475 psychotherapy outcome studies, Smith and her colleagues reported in 1980 that: A) evidence overwhelmingly supports the efficacy of psychotherapy. B) psychotherapy is no more effective than talking to a friend. C) psychotherapy harms just as many people as it helps. D) it is impossible to measure the effectiveness of psychotherapy. 710

14. Exposure therapy has been found to be most useful for the treatment of: A) insomnia. B) depression. C) anxiety. D) alcoholism. 691

15. The most common ingredient underlying the success of diverse psychotherapies is the: A) professional training and experience of the therapist. B) temporary escape from real-life pressures offered by psychotherapy. C) length of time the client spends in psychotherapy. D) client’s expectation that psychotherapy will make things better. 707

C) electroconvulsive therapy D) drug therapy 16. Which form of therapy has most directly contributed to the sharp reduction in the number of residents in American mental hospitals? A) psychosurgery B) cognitive therapy C) electroconvulsive therapy D) drug therapy 711

17. One good alternative to antidepressant drugs is: A) EMDR. B) aerobic exercise. C) therapeutic touch. D) virtual reality exposure therapy. 720

18. Prozac is an antidepressant drug that partially blocks the reabsorption and removal of: A) serotonin. B) dopamine. C) acetylcholine. D) chlorpromazine. 713

19. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation shows greatest promise for the treatment of: A) schizophrenia. B) anxiety. C) alcoholism. D) depression. 716

A) uncontrollably violent. B) hopelessly depressed. 20. During the 1940’s and 50’s, lobotomies were most likely to be performed on psychologically disordered patients who were: A) uncontrollably violent. B) hopelessly depressed. C) obsessively hypochondriacal. D) irreparably amnesic. 717

21. Dr. Miller prescribes drugs for the treatment of chronic depression. It is most likely that Dr. Miller is a: A) psychoanalyst. B) psychiatrist. C) interpersonal therapist. D) clinical psychologist. 709

22. Preventive mental health attempts to reduce the incidence of psychological disorders by: A) enabling more people to see professional psychotherapists. B) encouraging depressed people to take more personal responsibility. C) establishing programs to alleviate poverty and other demoralizing situations. D) emphasizing the importance of using a wide variety of therapeutic methods. 719

23. Light exposure therapy was developed to relieve symptoms of: A) insomnia. B) anxiety. C) bulimia. D) depression. 706

24. Virtual reality exposure therapy is most similar to: A) stress inoculation training. B) aversive conditioning. C) therapeutic touch. D) systematic desensitization. 692

25. Cognitive therapists are most likely to encourage depressed clients to: A) stop blaming themselves for negative circumstances beyond their control. B) sense and express their own real moment-to-moment feelings of depression. C) carefully observe the negative consequences of their depression. D) take more personal responsibility for their own negative feelings and actions. 695

Acknowledgements Step Up Created by: John J. Schulte, Psy.D. Based on Psychology, Eighth Edition by David Myers Published by Worth Publishers, 2006

Answers 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. 13. A 14. 15. 16. 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. 21. 22. C 23. 24. 25. A