PACCON 2013 PREDICTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE GENERATED FROM GAS TURBINE ENGINE Global Chemical Sciences for Green Community NATCHANON CHAIPRASERT / AMORNCHAI.

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Presentation transcript:

PACCON 2013 PREDICTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE GENERATED FROM GAS TURBINE ENGINE Global Chemical Sciences for Green Community NATCHANON CHAIPRASERT / AMORNCHAI ARPORNWICHANOP Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University. 1

Motivation 2

Hydro Lignite/Coal Import & Others Natural Gas Oil Ministry of Energy, Thailand,

Motivation Overshooting of NOx (Thailand Regulation Exceed

Outline - Motivation - Gas Turbine – Generator - NOx Formation Theory - Applied Simulation Technique - Variable Affecting to NOx - Summary

Gas Turbine - Generator 6

A Gas Turbine – Generator System in Natural Gas Processing Gas Turbine Engine (GTE) Power Turbine (PT) Fuel Gas Inlet Flue Gas Electricity Air Intake Exhaust

Gas Turbine - Generator A Gas Turbine – Generator System in Natural Gas Processing Gas Turbine Engine (GT) Power Turbine (PT) Compressor Gas Turbine Power Turbine Generator Combustor Air Intake Fuel Gas Flue Gas Electricity Emission Measurement Point

Gas Turbine - Generator A Gas Turbine – Generator System in Natural Gas Processing Gas Turbine Engine (GT) Power Turbine (PT) Compressor Gas Turbine Power Turbine Generator Combustor Air Intake Fuel Gas Flue Gas Electricity Emission Measurement Point

NOx Formation Theory 10

NOx Formation Theory Overall NOx pathways Thermal NOx - High Temp Combustion N2O Path - High Pressure - Oxygen Rich Prompt NOx -Low Temp - Fuel Rich

NOx Formation Theory NOx pathways Relating with Gas Turbine Combustion

NOx Formation Theory Thermal NOx Mechanism Prompt NOx Mechanism N2O Path Mechanism k f,1 = 1.8 × 108e−38370/T k f,2 = 1.8 × 104Te−4680/T k f,3 = 7.1 × 107e−450/T k r,1 = 3.8 × 107e−425/T k r,2 = 3.81 ×103Te−20820/T k r,3 = 1.7 × 108e−24560/T f = n ø + 32ø ø 3 k’ pr = 6.4 × 10 6 (RT / p) a+1 E’ a = J / gmol Refer to Zeldovich Mechanism Refer to empirical De Soete mechanism Refer to Melte and Pratt

Applied Simulation Technique 14

Applied Simulation Technique Aspens HYSYS (Process Simulation Software) Engine Control ScreenPT Control Screen

Applied Simulation Technique Plant Input ParameterPlant Output Parameter - Fuel Gas Composition- Compressor Discharge Pressure - Fuel Gas Supply Condition- GG Exhaust Gas Temperature - Fuel Gas Mass Flow Rate- Power Generation - Air Inlet Condition Fitted Parameter *Peng-Robinson Fluid Package- Air Mass Flow Rate - PT Sealing Air Mass Flow Rate

Applied Simulation Technique Boundary Condition from HYSIS to FLUENT

Applied Simulation Technique Boundary Condition Trend from Simulation - Combustion Air Condition- Compressor Performance Curve - Combustion Air Mass Flow Rate- Turbine Performance Curve - Inlet GG Turbine Temperature- PT Sealing air / Combustion Air - Fuel Gas Parameter

Applied Simulation Technique Ansys FLUENT (CFD Software)

Applied Simulation Technique Work flow of the applied simulation technique Aspen HYSIS Ansys FLUENT Plant Data Combustor Boundary Condition Performance Curve Temp & NOx Contour

Variable Affecting to NOx 21

Variable Affecting to NOx There are 4 major variable affecting to NOx amount generating by the engine 1.Effect of Power Generation 2.Effect of Air Inlet Temperature 3.Effect of Fuel Gas Heating Value 4.Effect of Engine Performance

Variable Affecting to NOx Effect of Power Generation Increasing power generation means by increasing amount of fuel gas into the combustor. It cause high flame temperature. NOx amount will be greater. Engine Load (%) Nox (ppm)

Variable Affecting to NOx Effect of Ambient Temperature Air density is function of temperature and elevation. Lower air intake temperature can produce more power to the driven machine due to high mass flow rate.

Variable Affecting to NOx Effect of Fuel Gas Heating Value In order get the same amount of energy, if we increase heating value by feeding ethane instead of methane. Less gas velocity will be required. Poor mixing through combustor geometry shall generally create more mass-weight averaged hot spot. Summary: Lower heating value  Higher heating value Lower NOx amount  Higher NOx amount 90% Ethane 10% Methane 100% Methane

Variable Affecting to NOx Effect of Engine Performance The most important component relating to the engine performance is gas turbine compressor section. Dirty or damage of compressor blade can cause decreasing in performance. Less air mass flow rate means by worse flame cooling. Note compressor washing can recover the performance. Summary: Higher engine performance  Lower engine performance Lower NOx amount  Higher NOx amount Compressor Section

Summary 27

Thanks for your attention 28