Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 1

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Florida Benchmarks SC.5.E.7.1 Create a model to explain the parts of the water cycle. Water can be a gas, a liquid, or a solid and can go back and forth from one state to another. SC.5.E.7.2 Recognize that the ocean is an integral part of the water cycle and is connected to all of Earth’s water reservoirs via evaporation and precipitation processes. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 2

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Water on the Move About 75 percent of Earth’s surface is covered by water. Water moves between Earth’s surface and the atmosphere in a process called the water cycle. The sun provides the energy needed for water to move in the water cycle. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 3

Water on the Move Evaporation is the change from a liquid to a gas. Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Water on the Move Evaporation is the change from a liquid to a gas. The sun causes water to evaporate. When water evaporates, it forms an invisible gas called water vapor. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 4

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Water on the Move The atmosphere is the mixture of gases that surrounds Earth. Water vapor from evaporation rises into the atmosphere. Water vapor cools in the atmosphere to form clouds. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 5

What Goes Up Comes Down Condensation Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? What Goes Up Comes Down Condensation As water vapor cools, it loses heat energy to condense into liquid water. Condensation is the change of a liquid into a gas. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 6

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Condensation When water vapor condenses around tiny particles of salt and dust in the atmosphere, clouds can form. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 7

Precipitation Clouds can contain liquid water or ice. Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Precipitation Clouds can contain liquid water or ice. Precipitation is water that falls from clouds to Earth’s surface. Forms of precipitation include rain, snow, and hail. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 8

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Precipitation Precipitation that falls into the ocean can be evaporated again quickly. Precipitation that falls on land may be temporarily stored. Depending on where it falls, water from precipitation may move quickly or slowly through the water cycle. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 9

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Where Does Water Go? When precipitation occurs, some water can re-enter the atmosphere right away. Some water may be stored underground. Water that is stored underground is called groundwater. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 10

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Where Does Water Go? How does precipitation get into the ground to become groundwater? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 11

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Where Does Water Go? Runoff is water that cannot soak into the ground and instead flows across Earth’s surface. Water flows downhill into low-lying areas, rivers, and streams. Once runoff enters a river, it flows toward an ocean or lake. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 12

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Where Does Water Go? Precipitation that falls in cold places may become part of a glacier. A glacier is a large, slow-moving mass of ice. Melting snow and ice can cause an increase in the amount of runoff in an area. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 13

Where Does Water Go? Describe what is happening in the diagram. Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? Where Does Water Go? Describe what is happening in the diagram. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 14

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? A Precious Resource Fresh water can come from rivers, lakes, and aquifers. An aquifer is a body of rock that stores groundwater. The water in an aquifer can run low or be polluted by human activities. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 15

Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? A Precious Resource Which other states use the Floridan aquifer system? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 16

A Precious Resource People cannot live without water. Unit 3 Lesson 1 What Is the Water Cycle? A Precious Resource People cannot live without water. Precipitation adds water to aquifers in places called recharge zones. It may take groundwater in an aquifer up to a year to travel only 25 cm. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 17