Augustan Age The Rise of Journalism
The Rise of Journalism Interest of the Middle Class in: Literature Art Social problems Political life Desire of the Middle Class: To be informed To discuss events, famous people
The Periodicals Joseph Addison (“The Spectator”) Richard Steele (“The Tatler”) Subjects of general interests: Fashion Literature Manners History Aim: Moral Teachings and Entertainment
The Tatler 3 times a week 1711 Casual and conversational style
The Spectator Daily (no on Sundays) 1711-1712 Mr Spectator imaginary club Comments upon: customs and morals virtues and vices Different social classes Clear and simple style Imitation outside England (“Il Caffè” – Verri) http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spectator
Other Periodicals Novelists careers as journalists Jonathan Swift “The Examiner” (whig ministers) Daniel Defoe “The Review” (home & foreign policy)