How can blood type be used to exclude paternity? Mrs. Detwiler Ms. Pearson Mrs. Stillwell Mrs. Widerberg

A Question of Paternity ? Are all of Mr. Johnson’s children his biological offspring? Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have been married for 8 years. During this time, Mrs. Johnson has had 3 children. Recently Mr. Johnson found out that Mrs. Johnson has been secretly dating another man, Mr. Wilson, throughout their marriage. Mr. Johnson now questions if he is truly the biological father of the three children. You goal in this investigation is to use what you know about the inheritance of ABO blood types to determine if Mr. Johnson can be excluded as the father of any of Mrs. Johnson’s children.

Background Information

Modeling Agglutination Anti-A serum contains Anti-A antibodies A antigen and Anti-A antibodies bind, causing agglutination A blood has A antigen

Get Your Experiment ON! Materials Design an Experiment Blood samples from Mrs. Johnson, Mr. Johnson, Mr. Wilson, Child 1, Child 2, and Child 3 Blood-Typing Slides Magnifying Glass Toothpicks Anti-A serum Anti-B serum Using your knowledge of inheritance of blood type, design an experiment to determine if Mr. Johnson is the biological father of his children. Keep a careful record of your work, as the integrity of your experimental design will be critiqued by other scientists as you present your findings.

Please sit with the scientists you worked with yesterday.

The Argumentation Template (20 minutes)

Round-Robin Carousel (10 Minutes) Scientist Visiting Scientists Present your group’s claim, the data collected, the analysis and interpretation of the data, and how it is connected to scientific principles. Answer questions from other scientists as they visit your whiteboard. Ask presenting scientists questions that assist you in evaluating their experimental design, their claim, the quality of their evidence, and the strength of their justification. Consider how this information impacts your group’s findings and whether or not you want to reconsider your claim.

Debriefing Session (5 minutes) What were some strengths of the investigations? What were some weaknesses of investigations? How could we improve our experimental designs?

Revisions (10 minutes) Your group has ten minutes to collect additional data and make revisions to your claim, evidence, and/or justification if desired.

Claim, Evidence, & Justification Claim--Your answer to the investigation question, “Are all of Mr. Johnson’s children his biological offspring?” Evidence-- Data collected with corresponding analysis and interpretation Justification– Explains the importance and relevance of the evidence; Links the evidence to scientific concepts or principles.

Please sit with the scientists you worked with yesterday.

Bellwork: 3-2-1 Based on your interaction with other scientists yesterday: 3-things that you learned 2-things that you would change as a result 1- question that you still have

Now let’s talk a little about your investigation Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

What were some strengths of your investigation? (What made it scientific?) Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

What were some weaknesses of your investigation? (What made it less scientific?) Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

(What could you do to make it more scientific?) If you were to do this investigation again, what would you do to address the weaknesses in your investigation? (What could you do to make it more scientific?) Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

Now let’s talk a little about the nature of science and the nature of scientific inquiry Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

An observation is a descriptive statement about a natural phenomenon. An inference is an interpretation of an observation. Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

Inference: This person has type B blood Observation: Blood clumps when Anti-B is added. Blood does not clump when Anti-A is added. Inference: This person has type B blood Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

Current scientific knowledge and the perspectives of a scientist guide both observations and inferences. Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

to measurements, observations, and findings from other studies. Data is information gathered during scientific investigation. Data includes, but is not limited to measurements, observations, and findings from other studies. Evidence is analyzed data and an interpretation of the analysis (i.e., data + reasoning). Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

Is this data or evidence? Blood clumps when Anti-B is added. Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

Is this data or evidence? Blood clumps when Anti-B is added. Blood does not clump when Anti-A is added. Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

Is this data or evidence? Blood clumps when Anti-B is added. Blood does not clump when Anti-A is added. This person has type B blood because people with type B blood have B antigens but not A antigens on their blood cells. Argument Driven Inquiry: A way to transform laboratory instruction

Submit for Publication Using your computer, compose a journal article that addresses the following criteria: Part I: Introduction Introduce the guiding question Provide background information about ABO blood typing and its application to establishing paternity

Submit for Publication Using your computer, compose a journal article that addresses the following criteria: Part II: Methods Describe the type of data you collected. Discuss how you collected your data. Explain how you analyzed your data

Submit for Publication Using your computer, compose a journal article that addresses the following criteria: Part III: Your Argument State your claim (answer to guiding question) Organize your data into a chart or graph. Provide a written explanation of your data. Explain how the data helped your arrive at your claim. Connect your data to important scientific concepts.

Submit for Publication The Finishing Touches Review your publication, ensuring it makes sense and flows nicely. Please perform a spelling and grammar check on your publication. Save a copy of your publication to the desktop as: Period_Group_.