© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.1 Opposing Forces Guide–I Don’t Need This Class Consider the following: I already know how to use Excel and Word. I’m terrified of computers. There’s really no content in this class. I’m sure that there is some merit to this class, but consider the opportunity cost. The only thing I need to know is how to surf the Web and how to use . What, you mean this class is not about learning Excel and FrontPage. Do these positions have merit?

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.2 What Is Management Information Systems (MIS)? MIS is the development and use of information systems that help businesses achieve their goals and objectives There are three key elements: Components of an information systems Development and use of information systems Achieving business goals and objectives

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.3 Components of an Information Systems An information system (IS) a group of components that interact to produce information. It is commonly referred to as a Computer- Based Information System.

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.4 Figure 1-1 Five Components of an Information System

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.5 Using the Five-Component Framework The five-component framework can help guide your learning and thinking about IS both now and in the future. This concept consists of: Actors Instructions Bridge Automation occurs when a business process is moved to a computer to perform the business process

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.6 Figure 1-3 Characteristics of the Five Components

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.7 The Most Important Component-YOU You are part of every information system that you use. Your mind and thinking are the most important component. If you do not know what to do with your information system’s information, you are wasting time and money.

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.8 High-Tech vs. Low-Tech IS Information systems differ in the amount of work that is moved from the human side. Low tech– program and addresses only High tech–customer support system

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.9 Understanding New Information Systems Use the five-component framework to learn about new systems. Focus questions on: Hardware needs Programs to license Databases and other data to create Procedures to create or modify System administration Organization impact (people)

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.10 Components Ordered by Difficulty and Disruption Hardware–usually simple to install Program, database, and procedure development or modification can be difficult.

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.11 Information Characteristics What Is Information? Information is defined as: Knowledge derived from data Data presented in a meaningful context Data processed by summing, ordering, averaging, grouping, comparing, or other similar operations A difference that makes a difference

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.12 Information Is Subjective Information in one person’s context is just a data point in another person’s context. Context changes occur in information systems when the output of one system feeds a second system. Information is always subjective.

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.13 Figure 1-4 One User’s Information Is Another User’s Data

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.14 Figure 1-5 Characteristics of Good Information Accurate Timely Relevant To context To subject Just barely sufficient Worth Its Cost

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.15 Information Technology vs. Information Systems Information technology and information systems are two closely related terms. Information technology refers to the products, methods, inventions, and standards that are used for the purpose of producing information. Information technology drives the development of new information systems.

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.16 Moore’s Law Gordon Moore, cofounder of Intel Corporation, stated that because of technology improvements in electronic chip design and manufacturing the number of transistors per square inch on an integrated chip doubles every 18 months, and as a result the speed of computer chip, also doubles

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.17 Dramatic Reduction in Price/Performance Ratio As a result of Moore’s Law, the price/performance ratio of computers has fallen dramatically for over 40 years The availability of increased computing power has enabled developments such as: Laser printers Graphical user interfaces High-speed communications Cell phones PDAs Internet

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.18 Figure 1-6 Computer Price/Performance Ratio Decreases

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.19 Summary Management information systems is the development and use of information systems that help business achieve their goals and objectives. An information system is a group of components that interact to produce information. The five components of an information system are: hardware, software, data, procedures, and people.

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.20 Summary (Continued) Non-IS majors need to know about IS development because, as future users, they will provide requirements for new systems and facilitate the management of new products. Business professionals need to know how to use information systems and how to assist in managing an IS for better security and reliability. Businesses are inanimate; they do nothing. People provide the energy that activates businesses.

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.21 Summary (Continued) As a business professional, you need sufficient MIS knowledge to be an informed and effective consumer of information technology products and services. The five-component summary can guide your learning. The term information has four definitions. Information is subjective, one person’s data is another person’s information.

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.22 Summary (Continued) Information technology (IT) refers to products, inventions, methods, and standards used for the purpose of producing information. Information Systems (IS) refers to the assembly of hardware, software, data, procedures, and people that produces information. Moore’s Law states that the number of transistors on an integrated circuit doubles every 18 months and as a result the power of computing also doubles.

© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc.23 Ethics Guide–Ethics of Mis-Directed Information Use You hear over a conversation regarding the offer that a competing customer is going to make on a condo that you are also going to make an offer. Do you use this information you hear to your advantage? Same situation as above except you receive the information via Do you read the ? If so, do you use the information you read to your advantage?