1 S HORT METHODOLOGIES FOR IN - SITU ASSESSMENT OF THE INTRINSIC THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF THE BUILDING ENVELOPE Rémi BOUCHIE, CSTB Pierre BOISSON, Simon THEBAULT, CSTB Florent ALZETTO, Saint Gobain Recherche Adrien BRUN, CEA PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154

2 P ERFORMER PROJECT PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement # ■Founded by the 7th Framework Program of the European Union (project cost 8,5 M€) ■Aims : ■ To develop a comprehensive energy performance assessment framework for buildings ■ To develop innovative methodologies ■ To develop innovative tools (ICT tools, software…) ■Major European companies and research centers implicated: ■Reducing to gap between expected and actual energy performance of buildings ■A part of the gap is determined by intrinsic performance of the building envelope (workmanship quality), a specific task of PERFORMER Project is dedicated to find methods to measure in situ the thermal performance of a constructed envelope.

3 N EED FOR INNOVATIVE METHODS ■ Methods with occupancy ■ Energy signature methods : ■ The “signature” include ventilation ■ Occupant behaviour (i.e. windows opening) ■ Solar gains ? Other energy uses (hot water) ? ■ Methods with no occupancy ■ Most studied: the co-heating test = “optimised” energy signature method (no occupancy, no ventilation, just heat consumption, method for solar gains…) ■ Good accuracy but practical problems: ■Applicable in cold climate/season (not in summer) ■Need about a month with no occupancy in the tested building ■ Need for innovative methods to reduce time duration for the test, development of “short” measurement methods (< 10 days max) PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154

4 I SABELE METHOD ■ Optimisation protocol: ■ Temperature difference minimized by adjusting: ■ Thermal loss through the envelope (insulation + air infiltration) ■ Dynamic parameters (energy stored of the thermal mass) ■ The “best” thermal loss coefficient HLC (W/K) obtained when measured and calculated internal temperature are the closest possible PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement # Heating power injected (controlled and measured) Heating power injected (controlled and measured) External solicitations (measured) External solicitations (measured) T int mes T int calc ≠ to minimize Tested building Thermal modeling (RT 2012)

5 QUB METHOD ■Done during the night and without occupancy to avoid non measured additional power The simplest building model P(t) T EXT R C T IN Objective : Measure the whole building heat loss in one night Loss by transmission and infiltration Internal mass storage

6 INCAS PLATFORM ■88 m 2 two-story individual house ■Roller blind closed to avoid radiations ■Temperature and energy consumption monitoring ■Use of in-house heating and ventilation system ■ Electrical resistance on terminal part of the airflow network ■ Limited ventilation losses using heat recovery system on exhausted air PERFORMER project - 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154

7 M AIN RESULTS ■ ISABELE method: ■ QUB method: ■INCAS-IMA house very airtight, few thermal losses by air infiltration (≈ 1 W/K): global measured heat loss very closed to heat loss by thermal transmission alone ■ Few thermal losses by air infiltration (H v,inf ≈ 1 W/K) ■ Global measured heat loss HLC very closed to heat loss by thermal transmission alone: HLC ≈ H tr ■ H tr has been calculated using existing standards: H tr = 104 W/K ■ B OTH METHODS GIVE SIMILAR RESULTS, CLOSED TO EXPECTED VALUE PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement # Test methodHeat Loss Coefficient HLC [W/K] ISABELE112 QUB99

8 D ISCUSSIONS ■Need for “reference” value… ■ ISABELE and QUB method are being tested and compared to co-heating test value ■ Feedback on methods applicability during warmer season (now…) ■ Feedback from a real building test (on Saint Teilo’s School, during easter holidays) ■ Is it possible to “deal with” existing in-house heating systems ? ■ Problem of a real building: counting heat consumption, complex envelope, big volume, non tested zone, solar gains… ■Replicable on every buildings types ? ■Are you ready to leave your all building empty for several days (minimum) ? Sampling by small zones may be difficult… ■Can we imagine on ICT kit to run theses methods on real buildings ? ■ A key point: heating system: easy to control ? Possible to over-heat the tested building ? Easy to measure heat consumption alone ?... PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154