Introduction: Literary Terms Academic Language Structure and Themes 1984 George Orwell Introduction: Literary Terms Academic Language Structure and Themes

Dystopian Novel Presents society as it should NOT be, as opposed to a UTOPIAN, or idealized society Critical of existing society and serves as a warning about where these societies are heading You may have read Orwell’s Animal Farm, Huxley’s Brave New World, or Lowry’s The Giver

1984 is a Satirical Novel It uses SATIRE—the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues

Irony Verbal--the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect Situational--a state of affairs or an event that seems deliberately contrary to what one expects

Paradox a statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth Simple examples--memories or experiences can be bittersweet.

An example from Orwell’s Animal Farm In George Orwell's Animal Farm, the words "All animals are equal, but some are more equal than others" are part of the cardinal rules. Clearly this statement does not make logical sense. However, the point of a paradox is to point out a truth, even if the statements contradict each other. Orwell is trying to make some sort of political statement here. Perhaps it is that the government claims that everyone is equal when that is clearly false, or perhaps it is that individuals have skewed perceptions of what it means to be equal. The interpretation is up to the reader to decide. Source: yourdictionary.com

Paradox is abundant in 1984 Beginning with The Party’s slogans: Ignorance is Strength War is Peace Freedom is Slavery Take a few minutes to jot down your initial reaction or thoughts about these statements.

Allusion Allusion is a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance. The author assumes that a reader would use prior knowledge to spot the allusion, or make an effort to conduct quick, informal research if he or she suspects there may be an allusion, and grasp its importance and connection in a figurative manner within the text.

Background to Connect Allusions We are going to look at some historical and political concepts that will help you as you read 1984. Create a three column chart to take notes for this section: 1 Small Column (about width of margin) with names or terms listed on following slide 2 Equal Columns with the remainder of the page with what YOU know/remember and what OTHERS shared/reminded you of today

Historical References in 1984 1. Winston Churchill 2. Adam Smith 3. Joseph Stalin 4. Leon Trotsky 6. Hitler Youth 7.Gestapo/NKGB 8. Socialism 9. Communism 10. Totalitarian Rule

Structure of 1984 Divided into 3 sections, plus and appendix Part 1: Introduces the characters, including Winston Smith and describes his life and life in general under control of The Party. Only Smith’s feelings are revealed, as this is a 3rd person limited-omniscient POV. Part 2: Orwell uses this section to advance his political message and develop the rebellion/conflict within the plot. Part 3: Details the “re-education” of Winston Smith.

Potential Subject Matter for Analysis of Theme Alienation and Isolation Loyalty Appearance vs. Reality Dehumanization Individualism and Individual Rights Vs. Collectivism Abuse of Power

Homework Complete Parts I and II (but not III) of the anticipatory guide. Part II should be typed but does NOT have to be uploaded to Turn It In. Typed in a conservative, serif font, double-spaced, with 1” margins. You should get in the habit of typing your name, date, class & period at the top LEFT side of the paper.

Example Jill Magnante September 2, 2014 English 12CP, Period 3 The Power of Language Indent and begin your response, which should be Between 200-300 words.