1 Center for ETHICS* The Personal Morality Triangle: The Personal Morality Triangle: From Moral Education toEthics Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS*

2 Center for ETHICS* Personal Morality The Process of Learning.... Four Psychological and Philosophical Determinants

3 Center for ETHICS* Beliefs Personal Morality Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* The Process of Learning....

4 Center for ETHICS* Beliefs Values Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* The Process to.... Personal Morality

5 Center for ETHICS* Beliefs Values Attitudes Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* The Process of Learning.... Personal Morality

6 Center for ETHICS* Beliefs Attitudes Values Principles Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* The Process of Learning.... Personal Morality

7 Center for ETHICS* What Factors affect the development of Beliefs, Attitudes Values, and Principles? The Process of Learning Personal Morality...

8 Center for ETHICS* 1. Modeling 2. Environment 3. Cognitive Dissonance Dissonance Learning Personal Morality The Three Factors in the Process of...

9 Center for ETHICS* Cognitive Dissonance Past & Present Experiences.... Family, Friends, Teachers... Learning Personal Morality Moral Instruction, moral reasoning... Environment The Process.... Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* Modeling

10 Center for ETHICS* Learning Personal Morality The Three Factors in the Process of Modeling

11 Center for ETHICS* ModelingModeling Factors in the Process of Learning Morality The effect of peers, family, friends, respected others

12 Center for ETHICS* ModelingModeling n Peer Modeling –commitment to program values –walk the talk n Authority Modeling –Bedrock values –walk the talk n Parent Modeling –Bedrock values –walk the talk Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* The Process of.... for law students...

13 Center for ETHICS* Cognitive Dissonance Past & Present Experiences.... Family, Friends, Teachers... Learning Personal Morality Moral Instruction, moral reasoning... Environment The Process.... Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* Modeling

14 Center for ETHICS* 2. Environment Learning Personal Morality The Three Factors in the Process of...

15 Center for ETHICS* EnvironmentEnvironment 1. Past and Present Experiences (the society, the personal peer group, television, radio, media) Factors in the Process of Learning Morality

16 Center for ETHICS* Environmental Factors Family traditions Family traditions –family values –religious training –family history n Peer Group practices –Values of the group –What the group actually does n Societal Values and Actions –Media presentation, television, sports, movies, newsprint Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* The Process of.... for law students...

17 Center for ETHICS* Cognitive Dissonance Past & Present Experiences.... Family, Friends, Teachers... Learning Personal Morality Moral Instruction, moral reasoning... Environment The Process.... Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* Modeling

18 Center for ETHICS* Cognitive Dissonance The Active Process of Thinking and Questioning One’s Values and and Reasoning Strategies, formally known as Moral Reasoning. Factors in Learning Morality

19 Center for ETHICS* 3. Cognitive Dissonance Learning Personal Morality The Three Factors in the Process of...

20 Center for ETHICS* Cognitive Dissonance n Formal Education Process –A Strong Philosophic Base –Moral Reasoning Process –Supported by Moral Development Theory –Focused Toward A Content Area –Proved, Pedagogical Skills –Instructor Education Program »Teaching methodology »Total curriculum »Assessment »Specific classes Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* The Process of.... for law students...

21 Center for ETHICS* METHODOLOGYMETHODOLOGY The Process of.... for Law students..

22 Center for ETHICS* Teaching Paradigm o f SBH* Maieutic Standard  Kohlberg, Levels of Moral Development  Lickona, Educating for Character  Gilligan, Hann  Sport  Business  Education  Military Philosophy of Learning  Moral Reasoning  Values, Principles, and Rules  Embodied  Interactive  Cognitive Philosophic Cognitive Structure Teaching Methodology Knowledge Base of Moral Education Knowledge Base of Content Area Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* Behavior  Argumentation  Questioning  Listening  Arrangement  Trust  Respect  Humanistic  Communicator  Risk Taker Skills Environment

23 Center for ETHICS* The Process.... can be both: Formal or Informal The Process of Learning

24 Center for ETHICS* The Totality: Moral Education The Process of Learning

25 Center for ETHICS* A Schematic of the process of moral education from learning to doing.....in Personal Morality EnvironmentModelingCognitive Dissonance *See, T. Lickona, Educating for Character Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* Informal LearningFormal Instruction The Triad of Character Development* Valuing Knowing Doing Past & Present Experiences.... Moral Instruction, moral reasoning... Family, Friends, Teachers... Learning Personal Morality Moral Education

26 Center for ETHICS* The Result: CharacterDevelopment Moral Education’s effect

27 Center for ETHICS* ValuingKnowingDoing The Three Components of Character

28 Center for ETHICS* A Schematic of the process of moral education from learning to doing.....in Personal Morality EnvironmentModelingCognitive Dissonance *See, T. Lickona, Educating for Character Copyright 1994, Sharon K ay Stoll, Ph.D. Center for ETHICS* Informal LearningFormal Instruction The Triad of Character Development* Valuing Knowing Doing Past & Present Experiences.... Moral Instruction, moral reasoning... Family, Friends, Teachers... Learning Personal Morality Moral Education