PART III: DATA ANALYSIS

Structure 10. Questionnaires 9. Qualitative 13. Sampling 11. Experimental 8. Observation 7. Secondary data 16. Survey data 15. Qualitative 18. Research report 14. Secondary 4. Research ethics 3. Starting out 6. Reviewing lit. 5. Range of methods 2. Approaches 1. Introduction PART I PREPARATION PART II DATA COLLECTION 12. Case studies PART III ANALYSIS PART IV COMMUICATE RESULTS 17. Statistical

Chapter 14: Analysing secondary data

CONTENTS This chapter comprises 5 case studies dealing with: The Spirit Level and sport: International data on income inequality and sport participation Estimating demand for a sports facility Facility utilisation Facility catchment or market area Olympic medals The colour red and sporting success

Children’s play safety (CS 11.6A) Secondary data: reports of accidents in school playgrounds in Toronto (collected routinely for insurance etc. purposes) 86 playgrounds deemed unsafe and provided with new equipment = treatment group 225 playgrounds deemed safe: no action taken = control group Injuries per 1000 students for 10 months before and after the replacement of equipment. Treatment group: Injury rates declined. Control group: Injury rates actually increased. A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

CS 14.1 The Spirit Level and sport The Spirit Level Wilkinson & Pickett (2009): – secondary data from UN etc. – countries with more equal income distribution perform better on a wide range of human welfare measures – sport not covered Sport participation data explored here A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

Income inequality & sport participation: Europe, 2009 (Fig. 14.1) A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

CS 14.2 Estimating demand for a sports facility C. Estimate total demand from local population A. Age-specific participation rates (National Survey) E. Capacity of existing facilities D. Typical facility capacity H. No. of new facilities to cater for unmet demand F. Compare G. Unmet demand B. Population by age- groups (Census) A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

Estimating demand for a sports facility contd C.Secondary data: National survey + Census D.Estimated total demand: 4600 visits per week D. Typical facility capacity: 500 visits/week E.Capacity of 4 existing facilities: 2000 visits/week F.Comparison: 4600 and 2000 visits/week G.Unmet demand: 2600 visits/week H.No. of new facilities to cater for unmet demand: 2600/500 = 5.2. Five courts. A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

CS 14.3 Facility utilisation Secondary data: ticket/bookings data for different areas in a multi-purpose facility See Table 14.4 and Fig A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

Facility utilisation contd (Fig. 14.3) A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

CS 14.4 Facility catchment area: Secondary data: customer address data – from bookings or membership records See Fig A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

Facility catchment area contd (Fig. 14.4) A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

CS 14.5 Olympic medals Measuring countries’ success/rank order: Gold medals won Total medals, gold, silver and bronze, won Points: for example: gold = 3 points, silver = 2 points, bronze = 1 point Medals per million population Points per million population Medals per $billion GDP Points per $billion GDP Medals per $1000 GDP per head Points per $1000 GDP per head A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

Gold medal rank United States1 China2 Great Britain 3 Russia4 South Korea5 Germany6 France7 Italy8 Hungary9 Australia10 London 2012 Olympic Games: top 10 gold medal winners (Table 14.6) A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

MedalsMedals per million popn Medals per $bn GDP Medals per $000 GDP/ head GoldTotalPointsMedalsPointsMedalsPointsMedalsPoints United States China Great Britain Russia South Korea Germany France Italy Hungary Australia Ranks on 9 measures of performance (Table 14.7) A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge

CS 14.6 The colour red and sporting success Hill and Barton (2005): Red = ‘maleness’ in many animals Anger associated with red Analysis of 4 combat sports in the 2004 Olympics, where contestants are randomly assigned red and blue outfits. Contestants wearing red consistently won more fights. Confirmed using English soccer league data from Challenged by Rowe et al. See also CS 11.6b A. J. Veal & S. Darcy (2014) Research Methods for Sport Studies and Sport Management: A practical guide. London: Routledge