The Mexican War and the Compromise of 1850

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Presentation transcript:

The Mexican War and the Compromise of 1850 American infantry, led by the 3d Infantry Regiment, march forward against Mexican forces who have taken up positions in a convent during the bloody Battle of Churubusco, 20 August 1847, in James Walker’s 1848 oil on board, Convent at Churubusco. (Army Art Collection) More paintings: http://armyhistoryjournal.com/?p=614

The Mexican War and the Compromise of 1850 USHC 2.2 Explain how the Monroe Doctrine and the concept of Manifest Destiny affected the United States’ relationships with foreign powers, including the role of the United States in the Texan Revolution and the Mexican War. USHC 2.2 Explain how the Monroe Doctrine and the concept of Manifest Destiny affected the United States’ relationships with foreign powers, including the role of the United States in the Texan Revolution and the Mexican War.

Manifest Destiny John Gast, American Progress, 1872

by a joint resolution of Congress 1845 ANNEXED by a joint resolution of Congress

DISPUTED TERRITORY Map Credit: Kaidor

The “Bear Flag” Republic June 14-July 9, 1846

MORE LAND WE WANT Map Credit: Kaidor

WAR!!!

Gen. Scott’s Campaign

Occupation of Mexico City WIN Painting by Carl Nebel

Mexican Cession 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Gadsden Purchase 1853 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A Continuing Controversy... A short video on this subject…

Maps of Westward Expansion

Now What??? ?

SLAVERY IN MEXICAN CESSION Wilmot Proviso FREE SOIL SLAVERY IN MEXICAN CESSION David Wilmot (D – PA) NEVER PASSED

Zachary Taylor (W-LA) Twelfth President of the U.S. 1849-1850 “Old Rough and Ready” Mexican War Hero Died in Office Last Southerner elected president until Woodrow Wilson in 1912 http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/zt12.html

Millard Fillmore (W-NY) Thirteenth President of the U.S. 1850-1853 Signed the Compromise of 1850 Last Whig President http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/mf13.html

?

The Compromise of 1850 5 PROVISIONS

Admit CALIFORNIA as a FREE STATE

STRONGER Fugitive Slave Law

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY Let settlers decide the status of slavery in the Mexican Cession.

CA$H for Land Texas ceded land in return for $10 million from the federal government (to pay war debt).

Abolish the Slave Trade in Washington, D.C. Mary Frances Whitfield, Slave Auction Mary Whitfield, Slave Auction

The Compromise of 1850 Admit California as a Free State For the North: For the South: The New Mexico Territory: Slavery in Washington, DC: Admit California as a Free State STRONGER Fugitive Slave Law Popular Sovereignty in Mexican Cession Federal assumption of Texas debt / Texas cedes western land Abolish Slave Trade in Washington, D.C.

BEFORE

AFTER

The “Great Triumvirate” of the Antebellum Senate WEBSTER CLAY CALHOUN

The Great Compromiser at Work one last time

Sen. Stephen A. Douglas (D-IL) Designed the Compromise although Clay took credit Big Bill Separate Bills Each with different majorities to pass Lincoln-Douglas Debate Memorial

Crisis Averted Photo Credit: nyul

...for now.

1850 © Richard Busch

1860 Photo by dfbphotos