Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Psychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behaviour Chapter 7
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Early Perspectives Psychological Perspective Behavioural conditioning Personality disturbances Psychopathology Psychiatric Perspective Biological + psychological urges mediated through consciousness.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Criminal Behaviour as Maladaptive ► The Psychoanalytic Perspective ► Personality Types and Crime ► The Link Between Frustration and Aggression ► The Psychotic Offender ► The Psychopath ► Antisocial Personality Disorder
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc The Psychoanalytic Perspective
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Personality Types and Crime Psychoticism Most likely to be criminal. ExtrovertsNeuroticism
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc The Link Between Frustration and Aggression Frustration Aggression
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc The Psychotic Offender ► Suffering from a psychosis. ► Out of touch with reality. ► Hallucinations ► Delusions ► Schizophrenic ► Paranoid schizophrenic
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc The Psychopath ► Psychopathy Checklist – Revised ► Behavioural manifestations vary with age, gender and socio-economic status. ► Abnormal EEG ► Psychopath Criminal
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Antisocial Personality Disorder Antisocial Personality Disorder Psychopathy Diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Focus on behavioural patterns exemplified by persistent violations of social norms.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Crime as Adaptive Behaviour Crime fulfills the need to be punished. Crime is an adaptation to life’s stresses. Alloplastic adaptation Autoplastic adaptation
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Social Learning Theory Albert Bandura ► Modelling theory ► People learn by observing others. ► Aggression seen as a means to an end.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Behaviour Theory B. F. Skinner ► Stimulus-response approach to behaviour. ► Positive and negative rewards and punishments. ► Focus is on environment.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Mental Illness and the Law ► The McNaughten Rule ► Fitness to Stand Trial ► Not Criminally Responsible by Reason of Mental Disorder
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc The McNaughten Rule Persons cannot be held criminally responsible for actions if at the time of the offence: 1. They did not know what they were doing, or 2. They did not know that what they doing was wrong.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Fitness to Stand Trial ► Mental state at time of trial. ► Reviewed annually. ► Brought before court every 2 years. ► Individual stands trial when deemed fit to stand trial.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Not Criminally Responsible by Reason of Mental Disorder (NCRMD) ► Mental state at time of offence. ► Disposition hearing determines threat to public or himself. ► Capping
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Social Policy and Forensic Psychology Selective incapacitation Dangerous offender legislation Crown applies after conviction. Indeterminate sentence. Lengthened period of parole ineligibility.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Canada Inc Criminal Psychological Profiling Assists criminal investigators. Behaviour is symptomatic of personality. Violent Crime Linkage Analysis System (ViCLAS)