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Lesson 7 Jonathan’s Loyalty David’s Flight 1 Sam 20-21

 Before the Flood  Flood  Scattering of the People  Patriarchs  Exodus Narrative Periods

 Wandering in the Wilderness  Invasion and Conquest  Judges  United Kingdom Narrative Periods

 8 – Chapter contents

 8 – “We want a king”  9 – Chapter contents

 8 – “We want a king”  9 – Saul private anointing  10 – Chapter contents

 8 – “We want a king”  9 – Saul private anointing  10 – Saul public anointing  11 – Chapter contents

 8 – “We want a king”  9 – Saul private anointing  10 – Saul public anointing  11 – Rescue of Jabesh Gilead  12 – Chapter contents

 8 – “We want a king”  9 – Saul private anointing  10 – Saul public anointing  11 – Rescue of Jabesh Gilead  12 – Samuel ‘retires’ Chapter contents

 13 – Chapter contents

 13 – Saul offer burnt offering; rejected by God  14 – Chapter contents

 13 – Saul offer burnt offering; rejected by God  14 – Jonathan attacks Philistines; Saul’s foolish oath  15 – Chapter contents

 13 – Saul offer burnt offering; rejected by God  14 – Jonathan attacks Philistines; Saul’s foolish oath  15 – Saul’s disobedience with Amalekites; final rejection Chapter contents

 16 – Chapter contents

 16 – David anointed  17 – Chapter contents

 16 – David anointed  17 – David kills Goliath  18 – Chapter contents

 16 – David anointed  17 – David kills Goliath  18 – David marries Michal  19 – Chapter contents

 16 – David anointed  17 – David kills Goliath  18 – David marries Michal  19 – Michal helps David escape Saul; David goes to Samuel Chapter contents

 David & Jonathan Covenantvv David flees Naioth and goes to Jonathan What have I done? What is my crime? Jonathan is skeptical David takes oath to assure Jonathan his father is seeking to kill him again Jonathan promises help Jonathan’s Loyalty Ch. 20

 David & Jonathan Covenantvv New Moon feast David should attend Instead, hide in field until late 3 rd day Excuse: Family sacrifice in Bethlehem If ‘It is well’ then David is safe; if angry Saul is determined to harm David If David is guilty, he requests Jonathan kill him himself Jonathan’s Loyalty Ch. 20 lying, again

 David & Jonathan Covenantvv Jonathan would never harm David and would tell him (if he knew) of Saul’s ill will David inquires how he will get message Jonathan invites David out into field Jonathan will find out tomorrow or third day if David may come back safely Jonathan’s Loyalty Ch. 20

 David & Jonathan Covenantvv Jonathan asks for David’s kindness (vv ) Covenant made David’s oath reaffirmed Jonathan loved David as he did his own soul Jonathan’s Loyalty Ch. 20

 A Plan For Warningvv David will be missed at New Moon festival David to stay away until 3 rd day, then return to where he had hidden before, wait by the stone Ezel Jonathan will shoot 3 arrows to the side Jonathan’s Loyalty Ch. 20

 A Plan For Warningvv A boy will be sent to find arrows If Jonathan tells boy the arrows are this side of him, David is safe If the arrows are beyond boy, David is to go away for the Lord has sent him away As for their covenant, the Lord is witness forever Jonathan’s Loyalty Ch. 20

 Saul Discloses Intentionsvv David hiding in field New Moon festival; Saul in his usual seat by the wall, Abner beside him, Jonathan opposite, but David’s seat empty Day one - Saul thinks David is out because he is unclean Day two – Saul asks Jonathan where David is Jonathan’s Loyalty Ch. 20

 Saul Discloses Intentionsvv Jonathan answers according to plan Saul’s anger aroused Jonathan suffers his father wrath (vv ) Jonathan asks what had David done? Saul hurls spear at his own son! Jonathan angry, upset, and grieved Jonathan’s Loyalty Ch. 20

 David and Jonathan Partvv In the morning, Jonathan and boy go to the field where David is hiding Boy sent running to find arrows Jonathan shoots Jonathan shoots one arrow beyond boy “Isn’t the arrow beyond you? Hurry! Go quickly! Don’t stop!” Jonathan’s Loyalty Ch. 20

 David and Jonathan Partvv Boy gathers up arrows, returns, and is sent back to city with bow and arrows (he is unaware of the plan) David comes out of hiding, greet Jonathan and both weep, David the most Jonathan gives parting words (v. 42) Jonathan’s Loyalty Ch. 20

 Consecrated Bread Eatenvv. 1-6 David went to Nob, Ahimelech the priest is frightened David states he is on the king’s business and to keep it secret; men are elsewhere David asks for five loaves of bread or anything else David’s Flight Ch. 21

 Consecrated Bread Eatenvv. 1-6 Only consecrated bread available, provided David’s men had kept themselves from women David replied his men are kept from women on an ordinary expedition, even more so on this (“secret”) mission Consecrated (Holy) bread given (Lev. 24:5-9) See also 1 Sam 22:10 David’s Flight Ch. 21

 Goliath’s Sword Takenvv. 7-9 One of Saul’s men there Doeg, an Edomite, chief of herdsmen; detained before the Lord (?) David asks Ahimelech for any weapons Ahimelech provides David with the sword of Goliath David’s Flight Ch. 21

 Philistines ThreatenDavidvv Incognito, David flees to king Achish in Gath Servants of Achish recognize him David fears Achish Psalms 56 David’s Flight Ch. 21

 David Feigns Insanityvv David pretends to be insane in their presence - Scratched on the doors of the gate - Saliva ran down his beard Achish appalled at David being brought into his house Psalms 34 – Acrostic (v 20; John 19:36) David’s Flight Ch. 21

(1) Oaths should be carefully made (if at all) Promises should be faithfully carried out Jesus chastises Pharisees Matt. 23:16-22 Matt. 5:33-37 Let your ‘yes’ be ‘yes’ and your ‘no’ be ‘no’

(2)Filial attachment should not keep us from doing God’s will Ruth 2:11 Matt. 10:37 Luke 14:26 Luke 18: Samuel 20:31 "For as long as the son of Jesse lives on the earth, you shall not be established, nor your kingdom. Now therefore, send and bring him to me, for he shall surely die."

(3)God desire mercy and not sacrifice David takes the Holy Bread – example given by Jesus Christ Matt. 12:1-7; see also 9:13 Mark 2:23-28 Luke 6:1-5 Hosea 6:6

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