Knowledge Architectures for Knowledge Centric Systems Denise Bedford, Ph.d Goodyear Professor of Knowledge Management Kent State University, Kent OH Presented as Part of the Tutorial for 12 th Annual Knowledge Management Knowledge Management Conference Thursday May 5, 2011

Knowledge Centric As Mills has suggested, the shift to a Knowledge Centric environment has profound implications for how we approach design, standards, control, and management Knowledge centric systems turn most of our current assumptions about these topics upside down – primarily because control shifts to the end user In a knowledge-centric environment, focus shifts away from managing applications to managing the flow and accessibility of knowledge objects How knowledge flows is unpredictable – wherever it flows, though, we must be able to understand something about it

Knowledge Architecture in WBG3 Knowledge Creation Production of new ideas, facts, constructs, opinions, solutions, theories, etc. through informal networking, dialog, discussions, synthesis of information, creativity and innovation. Knowledge Assessment Review of the trustworthiness, credibility, value, reliability, and quality of knowledge. Also includes the type of review. Knowledge Product Formalization Packaging, formatting and conversion of reviewed knowledge into a formal product for internal and external consumption. Also, includes the assignment of security classification. Knowledge Dissemination & Engagement Publishing, distribution, broadcasting, syndication, or recommending of knowledge to consumers, whether internal or external. Also includes presentations or delivery at seminars and conferences. May include Bank formal publishing such as InfoShop and Office of Publisher, web publishing, or publishing through commercial channels. Knowledge Evaluation Formal evaluation of the impacts, outcomes and outputs of knowledge products. Integration into Work Processes Consumption of ideas, knowledge rules, concepts, lessons, results, best practices, facts, indicators, results, models in the Bank’s business processes – through embedded business rules, through human referral, or agent-based referral. Key entry point for BI/CI. Knowledge Gap Detection Realization through learning, information acquisition, socialization, problem detection, tacit knowledge discrepancies, business or competitive intelligence that new knowledge is needed. Knowledge Life Cycle and Flows

Knowledge Architecture Designs Any architecture design process consists of some basic steps – Understanding the architecture principles that guide the design (Knowledge Principles) – Aligning the design to support processes and functions (Knowledge Processes) – Aligning the design with the knowledge flows and types Addressing each of these questions, we find that Knowledge Architectures are quite different than Business and Data/Information Architecture Property-rich knowledge is the focus of the future – knowledge includes a wide range of kinds of assets such as people, communities, ideas, dialogs, ……

WB Architecture Domains Requiring Enhancement 5

6 “Knowledge Centric” Working Environment

Designing and Aligning Knowledge Architecture Knowledge architecture must addresses the essential elements of knowledge work and knowledge processes – People, Communities, Knowledge Assets and Knowledge Processes By definition, a knowledge architecture must have some alignment with an organization’s enterprise architecture But knowledge architecture is very different from either data/information architecture or business architecture Is this a new layer in the enterprise architecture stack? Where does it fit and what is it comprised of?

Strategic Performance Business Architecture Knowledge Architecture Information & Data Architecture Application Architecture Technology Architecture Knowledge Architecture Segments KnowledgePeople Community Knowledge Practices Aligning Knowledge Architecture with Enterprise Architecture and Defining the KA Segments

Strategic Performance Business Architecture Knowledge Architecture Information & Data Architecture Application Architecture Technology Architecture People Segments People Data Warehouse People Data Model Expertise Locator Intel. Capital Dashboards Breaking Down the People Segment of The Knowledge Architecture

Strategic Performance Business Architecture Knowledge Architecture Information & Data Architecture Application Architecture Technology Architecture Community Segments Community Directory Community Data Model People- Community Linkages Community Knowledge Breaking Down the Community Segment of The Knowledge Architecture

Strategic Performance Business Architecture Knowledge Architecture Information & Data Architecture Application Architecture Technology Architecture Knowledge Segment Knowledge Structures Knowledge Typologies Knowledge Capture & Tagging Knowledge Peer Review Info Asset Reverse Engineering Knowledge Metrics Breaking Down the Essential Parts of the “Knowledge Segments”