Illustration & Photography- Ch 9 Creating Graphics Illustration- using images that represent or express to make a visual statement Can show something that cannot be photographed Purpose- present product, tell story, clarify concept, or demonstrate a service.

Basic Types of Graphic Creation Programs Drawing- Vector programs  Illustrator- draws object… no layers Paint- Bitmap programs  Photoshop- working in pixels and layers .bmp.jpeg.gif.pic.tif

What is a Pixel? Building Blocks # of pixels and color determine image quality, size and the look of the image Cannot delete a pixel, just change its color More pixels, larger file size… so eliminate unnecessary pixels # of pixels per inch determine resolution, the key to image quality

Pros/Cons of Bitmap images Most appropriate for photo-realistic images and complex drawings Large file size, inability to resize or scale without effort and loss of quality Bit-depth determines # of colors that can be displayed by individual pixel Can grab from screen, scan it, download or capture it Can manipulate it, adjust it, cut and paste it

Pros/Cons of Vector images Most appropriate for shapes (mathematically expressed) Can be filled with color and patterns Use a fraction of the file space as bitmaps For web, downloads faster Most programs can export vector to bitmap Vector images require a plug-in to display on the web (Flash) Can not be used for photo-realistic images

Bitmap-based application  Every image made up of a series of dots called pixels Wide range of tools to adjust and correct color, contrast and dynamic range Powerful type handling tools Capable of handling web-based graphics Photoshop: An Overview

File Formats.PSD: Photoshop Document  Native Photoshop format,  Preserves layers  Access to all tools and commands

File Formats.TIF: Tagged Image File Format  Any resolution, grayscale or color  Generally used for graphics files to be printed.EPS: Encapsulated Postscript  Specialized format for bitmap or vector graphics.JPG: Joint Photographic Experts Group  Compressed image format  Often used for complex photographic images.GIF: Graphics Interchange Format  Used specifically for the Web

Basic Graphic Design Issues Aspect Ratio Scanning and Essential Area- Over scan Information Density  Watch for information overload  Try not to crowd too much info into one space

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont. Readability  Keep all words in essential area  Choose fonts with bold and clean contour  Limit information amount (do a new page)  Format lettering into easily perceived blocks( avoid scattering)

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont. Color  Attributes- Hue…Saturation…Brightness  Grey-scale  Compatible Color  Aesthetics of color Style

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont. Text Block Text Attributes  Bold, Italic, Underline  Size in points  Leading space between lines  Kerning space between letters  Alignment

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont. Text Other Font Styles  Emboss  Shadow

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont. Text Legible Text  Size  Color (text and background)  Leading  Style  Serif fonts (used for text)  San Serif fonts (used for headings)

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont. Choosing a font type and text Smaller font, less decorative Limit different fonts on project Vary size to importance Pick fonts that fit message Use meaningful word for link or menu Top fold principle Use recognized operating system fonts

Digital Cameras and Scanning Choosing the Best Resolution?  Input and Output How distribute? 72 for web, for printing Formula for resolution- x 1.5 or 2

Digital Cameras and Scanning What is a Mega-pixel? Still taking at 72 dpi Gets higher resolution be taking larger pictures

Impact of Photography Not capturing reality  Fact that camera is there can change things  Editing and Manipulating

Criteria for Good Photo Design Same as before Eye and the Mind (Heart) Concept Design Element of Communication Output Quality of the Photo