Is Growth Good? Gary Flomenhoft Gund Institute for Ecological Economics

I. Crime & Family Breakdown (legal fees, medical expenses, damage to property, crime and divorce.) II. Household & Volunteer Work III. Income Distribution IV. Resource Depletion (Wetlands, farmland, and nonrenewable minerals (including oil) ) V. Pollution VI. Long-Term Environmental Damage VII. Changes in Leisure Time VIII. Defensive Expenditures (Medical and repair bills from automobile accidents, commuting costs, and household expenditures on pollution control devices such as water filters.) IX. Lifespan of Consumer Durables & Public Infrastructure X. Dependence on Foreign Assets GPI Factors

GPI by Column

“When to Stop” Rule

Human Welfare Index and GDP

UN Human Development Index and GDP

Life Satisfaction and Happiness vs. GDP

Total Utility and Marginal Utility of Growth

Full World or Empty World? Source: Ecological Economics Principles & Applications, Farley and Daly

ESA Listings and GDP $10 $9 $8 $7 $6 $5 $4 $3 R 2 = 98.4 Source: The Wildlife Society Technical Review

Source: Center for A New American Dream If World consumption = US: Need 4 more planets

Grow out of poverty?

Real Wages and productivity

Fundamental Human Needs Being (qualities) Having (things) Doing (actions) Interacting (settings) Subsistencephysical and mental health food, shelter work feed, clothe, rest, work living environment, social setting Protectioncare, adaptability autonomy social security, health systems, work co-operate, plan, take care of, help social environment, dwelling Affectionrespect, sense of humour, generosity, sensuality friendships, family, relationships with nature share, take care of, make love, express emotions privacy, intimate spaces of togetherness Understandingcritical capacity, curiosity, intuition literature, teachers, policies educational analyse, study,meditate investigate, schools, families universities, communities, Participationreceptiveness, dedication, sense of humour responsibilities, duties, work, rights cooperate, dissent, express opinions associations, parties, churches, neighbourhoods Leisureimagination, tranquillity spontaneity games, parties, peace of mind day-dream, remember, relax, have fun landscapes, intimate spaces, places to be alone Creationimagination, boldness, inventiveness, curiosity abilities, skills, work, techniques invent, build, design, work, compose, interpret spaces for expression, workshops, audiences Identitysense of belonging, self- esteem, consistency language, religions, work, customs, values, norms get to know oneself, grow, commit oneself places one belongs to, everyday settings Freedomautonomy, passion, self-esteem, open-mindedness equal rightsdissent, choose, run risks, develop awareness anywhere

Herman Daly’s Policies for a steady-state economy Criteria: 1.Constant stock of humans 2.Constant stock of goods for providing services and meeting needs. 3.Sufficient and sustainable level of 1&2 4.Throughput reduced to the lowest level

Social Institutions Constant Population Transferable birth licenses (China 1 child policy) (Demographic Trend)

Population growth

China population-1.22B-one child policy

Constant Goods Depletion quotas (Fisheries, hunting licenses) Pollution quotas (vehicle emissions, SO2)

Fishing quotas Lease15 Tons 19 Tons 8 Tons 2 Tons 25 Tons 1 TonNorth SeaCod Haddock Whiting Megrim Monks SkateMacduff Fish Selling Lease7 Tons 2 Tons 2 TonsWest CoastHaddock Monk MegrimMacduff Fish Selling

VERMONT HUNTING, FISHING AND TRAPPING DATES 2001 SEASON (All Dates Inclusive) FISHING Trout & Landlocked Salmon April 14– Oct 28 Trout & Landlocked Salmon (Lake Champlain) No Closed Season Largemouth & Smallmouth Bass June 9 – Nov 30 Catch & Release – Lakes and Ponds April 14– June 8 Pickerel, N. Pike, Yellow Perch No Closed Season Walleye (Lake Champlain, Lake Carmi & certain areas of Lamoille & Missisquoi Rivers) May 6, March 15, 2001 May 5, March 15, 2002 (All other waters except Connecticut River) No Closed Season Smelt May 26, March 31, 2002 Smelt (Lake Champlain) No Closed Season BIG GAME HUNTING Deer (Bow & Arrow Only) Oct 6 –28 Youth Deer Day Nov. 4, 2001 Deer (16 Day regular season) Nov. 10 – Nov. 25 Deer (Muzzleloader or Bow & Arrow Only) Dec 1 – 9 Black Bear Sept. 1 – Nov. 14 Turkey Spring May 1 – 31 Fall seasons vary by wildlife management units SMALL GAME HUNTING Hare, Rabbit Sept. 30, 2000 – March 11, 2001 & Sept. 29, 2001 – March 10, 2002 Gray Squirrel Sept. 1 – Dec. 31 Bobwhite Quail No Closed Season Ruffed Grouse (Partridge) Sept. 29 – Dec. 31 Woodcock Set Annually Pheasant Sept. 29 – Dec. 31 Crow March 14 – April 30 & Aug. 16 – Oct 29 FURBEARER HUNTING Bobcat Jan. 10 – Feb. 7 Red & Gray Fox Oct. 27, 2001 – Feb. 10, 2002 Raccoon Oct. 13 – Dec. 31 Muskrat March 20 – April 19 Coyote No Closed Season FURBEARER TRAPPING Mink, Skunk, Red & Gray Fox, Raccoon, Coyote Oct. 27 – Dec. 31 Otter Oct. 27 – Dec. 31 (Otter Continued During Beaver Season) Muskrat 4th Sat. in Oct. – April 19 Fisher, Bobcat Dec. 1 – 16 Beaver TO BE ANNOUNCED Marten No Open Season WATERFOWL HUNTING Set Annually Read the Guide to Hunting, Fishing & Trapping Laws for more information and exceptions. Issued June, 2000 by the Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department, Waterbury, Vermont

CFC Phaseout Schedules: Allowed Production and Consumption for Developed Countries (percent of baseline) Original Montreal Protocol London Montreal Protocol Copenhag en Montreal Protocol U.S. Clean Air Act Amendme nts European Communit y Schedule % % 85% % 80% % 75%50% % 25% 15% %50%25% 0% %50%0% %15% %15% %15% %0% CFC Quotas

Kyoto Protocol

Distribution Minimum and maximum income All corporate profits distributed to stockholders Minimum: Speenhamland, minimum income Experiments, European social democracy, Welfare, dole, unemployment insurance. Alaska oil dividend. Maximum: European marginal tax rates, US Tax rates in 1950s.

Shareholder Equity-dividends (ALASKA PF) Alaska has the smallest gap between rich and poor of any state, according to figures released Wednesday by the U.S. Census Bureau. ALASKA Dividend checks help make for more equal distribution.