The Baroque in the Protestant North Chapter 22 The Baroque in the Protestant North

Inward, personal, subjective Outward, spectacular forms of display The Protestant North The Catholic Reformation England, the Netherlands, Northern Germany France, Italy, Spain, and other parts of the West Inward, personal, subjective Outward, spectacular forms of display

Factors 1. the shaping influence of the Bible 2. the rising middle class 3. Civil War and the English Commonwealth

Political contexts

Netherlands 1565 The Calvinists in the Netherlands revolted against Catholic Spain (Philip II). 1609 The Calvinists set up an independent Dutch Republic (Holland) in the north. The south (Belgium) remained Catholic.

Literature

The Twenty-Third Psalm Our Lord ruleth me The Lord is my shepherd And nothing shall be wanting to me I shall not want

The Twenty-Third Psalm For although I shall walk in the midst of the shadow of death Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death Thou hast prepared in my sight a table against them that trouble me Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies

Metaphysical Poetry A diction and meter modeled on the rough idiom of actual speech Organized in the dramatic form of an urgent or heated argument A subtle and often deliberately outrageous logic Tone: realistic, ironic, cynical “Witty”: making ingenious use of paradox, pun, and startling parallels in simile and metaphor. M. H. Abrams, A Glossary of Literary Terms

Metaphysical Conceit A conceit is a poetic idea, usually a metaphor. Metaphysical conceits are noteworthy specifically for their lack of conventionality. In general, the metaphysical conceit will use some sort of shocking or unusual comparison as the basis for the metaphor.  When it works, a metaphysical conceit has a startling appropriateness that makes us look at something in an entirely new way. The classic metaphysical conceit is Donne's comparison of the union between two lovers to the two legs of a compass in "A Valediction Forbidding Mourning." In Holy Sonnet 14, there are other surprising metaphors--comparing God to a violent invader and a rapist, for instance.   http://spider.georgetowncollege.edu/english/allen/donne2.htm

Milton’s Paradise Lost What’s Milton’s purpose of writing? What’s Adam’s reaction to Eve’s fall? Compare and contrast Satan and Adam.

Christopher Wren 1632-1723 1666 London fire Saint Paul’s

Rembrandt 1606-1669

Paradise Lost

Temptation of Adam and Eve Masolino. c. 1425 Temptation of Adam and Eve Masolino. c. 1425. Fresco Brancacci Chapel, S. Maria del Carmine, Florence http://witcombe.sbc.edu/eve-women/5eveserpent.html

Temptation (detail), Hugo van der Goes c Temptation (detail), Hugo van der Goes c.1470 (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna) http://witcombe.sbc.edu/eve-women/vandergoes-temptation.html

Fall and Expulsion of Adam and Eve, 1510 Michelangelo Fall and Expulsion of Adam and Eve, 1510 Michelangelo. Fresco, Sistine Chapel, Vatican, Rome http://witcombe.sbc.edu/eve-women/michelangelo-temptfall.html

The End