LENIN TAKES COMMAND AND STALIN’S REIGN OF TERROR THE SOVIET UNION LENIN TAKES COMMAND AND STALIN’S REIGN OF TERROR

Vladimir Ulyanov From upper class family Profoundly affected by execution of his brother Exiled by Tsar 1897

LENIN Returns April 1917 Overthrows Provisional gov’t Bolsheviks promise “Peace, Land and Bread” 1918 Treaty of Brest -Litovsk

Alexander Kerensky Tsar abdicates Duma forms provisional government Hope for moderate, democratic gov’t Overthrown by Bolsheviks

Trotsky Lev Bronstein Lenin’s #2 Marxist theory Military strategy Led the Red Army to victory in CW Pushed out and exiled by Stalin

Lenin’s Tomb

Lenin Gets A Pass Lenin still held in high regard even though He established the CHEKA Secret Police later known as (KGB) Started the GULAG Prison Camp system Used Murder, Torture, Prison and Exile to further political goals. Dies in 1924 - Stalin carries on the program

Stalin’s Rise to Power Josef Dzhugashvilli 1878 Born in Georgia Peasant stock Quits seminary to join the revolution “Stalin” Man of Steel Prison and exile

Young Revolutionary 1899 -1917 Not an intellectual Tough guy who could get things done Bank robberies Kidnappings Demonstrations Escapes

Stalin Out Maneuvers Trotsky Stalin Assigned Post in Secretariat Gathers information on party members Appoints people to party jobs, expects loyalty (carrot) Punishes those who disagree with him by removing them from their posts (stick) Forms alliances Trotsky passed over when Lenin dies

Rapid Industrialization 5 Year Plans set ambitious goals Goals were met despite dangerous conditions, loss of life Use of slave labor Potemkin Villages, hide shortfalls if goals not met

Collectivization of Agriculture Massive state farms Kulaks shipped off to Siberia They destroy livestock, machinery, etc. Production quotas can’t be met Famine

Famine in Ukraine Bread Basket of Europe Collectivization does not work Government takes all of the grain, even that for personal use 5 million deaths 1932-33 Remember this picture when you see “Che”

Purge Trials of the 1930’s Stalin eliminates the “competition” Uses torture to force confessions from old Bolshevik comrades Some had been heroes of the Revolution Death or labor camps

Inner Circle Most Powerful Leaders in USSR STALIN Voroshilov Beria Molotov Malenkov Kaganovich Kalinin

Ivan’s Apartment Ivan and Anastasia Sanshin Aaron and Sonya Gubelman Katya Morda (the Policeman) and Mrs. Morda The Professor Feodosia - The Old Lady

The Non-Aggression Pact 1939 Molotov-Ribbentrop negotiate an alliance between Stalin and Hitler USSR to provide food and raw materials to Germany Germany to provide manufactured goodd to USSR Hitler invades in 1941

Battle of Stalingrad 1942 The Enemy is at the Gate Government is evacuated from Moscow to Kuibyshev Stalin stays behind Russians rally to defend the Motherland

The Gulag

Cult of Personality

The Big Three FDR, Churchill and Stalin ally to defeat Hitler At Yalta, Stalin is rewarded for Russia’s sacrifice Security zone of Eastern European “satellite states”

Comrade Voroshilov

Comrade Beria