Vaccine War “Undergraduate Research Opportunities” will be held Today, Thursday, Jan 13, at 3:30 pm in SL120

SEMINARS!!!! The Weiss Laboratory pursues both chemical and biological aspects of chemical biology. Using chemistry to advance a molecular understanding of biology, the lab dissects key events in biology with exceptionally diverse combinatorial libraries as atomic-scale scalpels. Our libraries, collections of different molecules, include virus- displayed proteins and chemically or enzymatically synthesized small molecules. Libraries displayed on the surfaces of viruses also offer essentially universal molecular recognition for chemical sensors, illustrating how biology can advance chemistry. Prof. Gregory Weiss, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine

Works exactly like HK. Activated by [AMP] even in the presence of hi [ATP]. Inhibited by hi [ATP] or citrate

Mechanism animation

Figure 17-8Mechanism for base- catalyzed aldol cleavage. Page 589 Transition state analogs like 2-phosphoglycolate inhibit the enzyme

Figure 17-9 Enzymatic mechanism of Class I aldolase. Page 590

Enzyme-Substrate Complex trapped by reduction of DHAP with NaBH 4 followed by hydrolysis

Figure Mechanism of aldose–ketose isomerization. Page 557

Figure 17-10Proposed enzymatic mechanism of the TPI reaction: General Acid Catalysis. pKs = 6.5 and 9.5 Like PGI But pK 1 is for GLU! Normal pk? Glu  Asp  activity by 1000! Reaction rate is diffusion limited!! 4.1

End of Glycolysis Collection Phase Net result so far? –ATP –NAD + –Carbon

Start of energy producing phase of glycolysis: Production of the first hi energy molecule.

Figure 17-13a Some reactions employed in elucidating the enzymatic mechanism of GAPDH. (a) The reaction of iodoacetate with an active site Cys residue. (b) Quantitative tritium transfer from substrate to NAD +. Page P i also incorporated

Animated mechanism

Figure Enzymatic mechanism of glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase. Page 596  G o ’ = +6.7 kJ!

Figure 17-15Space-filling model of yeast phosphoglycerate kinase showing its deeply clefted bilobal structure. Page 597

Figure 17-16Mechanism of the PGK reaction. Page 597  G o ’ = kJ!  G o ’ = kJ

Mutases move functional groups: 3PG  2PG Animated mechanism

Figure 17-19The pathway for the synthesis and degradation of 2,3-BPG in erythrocytes is a detour from the glycolytic pathway. Page 600

Figure 17-20The oxygen-saturation curves of hemoglobin (red) in normal erythrocytes and those from patients with hexokinase (green) and pyruvate kinase deficiencies (purple). Page 600  BPG  BPG

Figure Prop osed reaction mechanis m for phospho- glycerate mutase. Page 599 Phosphorylated active site Bisphospho- intermediate.

Figure 17-22Mechanism of the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate kinase.

Let's sing!! html

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Figure Proposed reaction mechanism of enolase. Page 601 F - binds P i + Mg +2 Potent inhibitor

Figure 17-23The active site region of porcine H 4 LDH in complex with S-lac-NAD +, a covalent adduct of lactate and NAD +. Page 603

Figure Reaction mechanism of lactate dehydrogena se. Page 603

Figure 17-25The two reactions of alcoholic fermentation. Page 604

Figure 17-26Thiamine pyrophosphate. Page 604

Figure Reacti on mechanism of pyruvate decarboxyla se. Page 605

Figure 17-29The formation of the active ylid form of TPP in the pyruvate decarboxylase reaction. Page 606

Figure The reaction mechanism of alcohol dehydrogenase involves direct hydride transfer of the pro-R hydrogen of NADH to the re face of acetaldehyde. Page 606

Table 17-2Some Effectors of the Nonequilibrium Enzymes of Glycolysis. Page 613

Figure 17-32aX-Ray structure of PFK. (a) A ribbon diagram showing two subunits of the tetrameric E. coli protein. Page 614 Mg +2 ATP F6P

Figure 17-33PFK activity versus F6P concentration. Page 615

Figure 17-35Metabolism of fructose. Page 619

Figure 17-36Metabolism of galactose. Page 621

Figure 17-37Metabolism of mannose. Page 621

Figure 17-31Schematic diagram of the plasmid constructed to control the amount of citrate synthase produced by E. coli. Page 609

“Alfonse, Biochemistry makes my head hurt!!” \