MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan1 Organizing Data and Information Chapter 5

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan2 Principles and Learning Objectives The database approach to data management provides significant advantages over the traditional file-based approach. –Define general data management concepts and terms, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the database approach to data management. –Name three database models and outline their basic features, advantages, and disadvantages.

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan3 Principles and Learning Objectives A well-designed and well-managed database is an extremely valuable tool in supporting decision making. –Identify the common functions performed by all database management systems and identify three popular end-user database management systems.

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan4 Principles and Learning Objectives The number and types of database applications will continue to evolve and yield real business benefits –Identify and briefly discuss current database applications.

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan5 The Hierarchy of Data

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan6 Data Entities, Attributes, and Keys

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan7 The Traditional versus the Database Approach to Data Management

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan8 The Traditional Approach

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan9 Traditional Approach Data redundancy Program-data dependence Data integrity

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan10 Database Approach

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan11 Advantages of the Database Approach

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan12 Advantages of the Database Approach

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan13 Disadvantages of the Database Approach

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan14 Data Modeling & Database Models

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan15 Data Modeling and Database Models Content - What data should be collected? Access - What data should be given to what users? Logical structure - How will the data be organized to make sense to a particular user? Physical organization - Where will the data actually be located?

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan16 Data Modeling Enterprise data modeling Planned data redundancy Data model Entity-relationship diagrams

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan17 Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagrams

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan18 Data Models Hierarchical models Network models Relational models

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan19 Hierarchical (Tree) Models

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan20 Network Models

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan21 Relational Models

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan22 Relational Models

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan23 Data Cleanup

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan24 Database Management Systems (DBMSs) Provide a user view Create and modify the database Store and retrieve data Manipulate data Produce reports

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan25 Creating and Modifying the Database

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan26 Data Definition Language

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan27 Creating and Modifying the Database

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan28 Data Dictionary Benefits Reduced data redundancy Faster program development Easier data & information modification Increased data reliability

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan29 Storing and Retrieving Data

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan30 Structured Query Language

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan31 Database Output

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan32 Popular Database Management Systems

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan33 Selecting a DBMS Database size Number of concurrent users Performance Integration Features Vendor Cost

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan34 Database Management Systems

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan35 Data Warehouses

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan36 Comparison of OLTP and Data Warehousing

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan37 Database Developments Data warehouses Data marts Data mining

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan38 Data Mining

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan39 Distributed Databases

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan40 On-Line Analytical Processing

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan41 Open Database Connectivity (ODBC )

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan42 Object-Relational Database Management Systems Stores objects Hypermedia Spatial data technology

MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan43 Summary Data - one of the most valuable resources a firm possesses Entity - a generalized class of objects for which data is collected, stored, and maintained DBMS - a group of programs used as an interface between a database and application programs Traditional on-line transaction processing (OLTP) - do not support the types of data analysis needed today