Adaptation and Resilience in Rangeland Social- Ecological Systems August 2004 Ryan McAllister, Yiheyis Maru, Nick Abel, Iain Gordon, *Art Langston CSIRO SUSTAINABLE ECOSYSTEMS

CSIROhttp:// Research foci Social networks and social capital –How do social networks effect the movement of livestock and landscape condition Pastoral decision making –How do personal rules for making stocking decisions change in response to learning, financial and institutional drivers and landscape condition CSS versus SSS –Do CSS methods better explain livestock movement, stocking decisions and landscape condition

CSIROhttp:// Overlapping scales of a conceptual grazing SES Land mgmt decisions Landscapes Research & monitoring Costs & prices Enterprise Livelihood function Regional landscape condition Landscape function Socioeconomic condition Landholder networks Weather Gov’t LOCAL REGIONAL FED / STATE

CSIROhttp:// Data catching up to theory Rapid early progress in ABM of market and institutional influence on a conceptual grazing SES Extensive effort to capture historical data and societal understanding –Dispersion of grazing pressure –Land fragmentation and consolidation –Stock transportation records –Surveys to illuminate social networks –Changes in tenure See website for papers

CSIROhttp:// Expansion of grazing pressure

CSIROhttp:// Land fragmentation and consolidation CJ Stokes, AJ Ash, RRJ. McAllister 2004 Fragmentation of Australian Rangelands Australian Rangeland Society Conference, Alice Springs 5-8 July. Nomadism: Opportunistic movement around entire region ranging out from key resources Resource Excision: ‘Ownership’ of a key resource providing partial access to surrounding area Regional Fragmentation: More uniform resource access allows splitting of larger properties Consolidation: Spatial connectivity restored by property consolidation and agistment arrangements

CSIROhttp:// Social networks 19 of 68 pastoralists linked by 4 families

CSIROhttp:// Without subsidies With subsidies

CSIROhttp:// New directions Western NSW case study dropped Intensive grazing case study added –extensive versus intensive –tenure –enterprise cost structures –density of social networks Alignment with other projects “Social adaptation to ecological uncertainty in two Australian grazing systems”