Detailed Structure of Moist, Sheared, Statically Stable Orographic Flow Socorro Medina 1, Robert Houze 1, and Nicole Asencio 2 29 th International Conference.

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Presentation transcript:

Detailed Structure of Moist, Sheared, Statically Stable Orographic Flow Socorro Medina 1, Robert Houze 1, and Nicole Asencio 2 29 th International Conference on Alpine Meteorology, Chambéry, France, 4-8 June University of Washington, Seattle, USA; 2 Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France MAP IOP UTC 21 Oct

Detailed Structure of Moist, Sheared, Statically Stable Orographic Flow Socorro Medina 1, Robert Houze 1, and Nicole Asencio 2 29 th International Conference on Alpine Meteorology, Chambéry, France, 4-8 June University of Washington, Seattle, USA; 2 Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France MAP IOP UTC 21 Oct N 2 (x10 -4 s -2 ) Height (km)

OBJECTIVES Examine flow and shear layer at low- levels Misplacement of precipitation in numerical simulations The nature of observed turbulent motions

OBJECTIVES Examine flow and shear layer at low- levels Misplacement of precipitation in numerical simulations The nature of observed turbulent motions

(b) Orography (km) S-Pol radial velocity (m s -1 ) for elevation angle of 3.8° 00 UTC 21 Oct

Constant Elevation Angle Scanning Z1 < Z2 Range

(b) Orography (km) S-Pol radial velocity (m s -1 ) for elevation angle of 3.8° 00 UTC 21 Oct RANGE  ALTITUDE

(b) Orography (km) S-Pol radial velocity (m s -1 ) for elevation angle of 3.8° 00 UTC 21 Oct Low-level flow

(b) Orography (km) S-Pol radial velocity (m s -1 ) for elevation angle of 3.8° 00 UTC 21 Oct Mid-level flow

(b) Orography (km) S-Pol radial velocity (m s -1 ) for elevation angle of 3.8° 00 UTC 21 Oct Upper-level flow MAP IOP UTC 21 Oct

(b) S-Pol radial velocity (m s -1 ) for elevation angle = 3.8° in a rectangular azimuth-range plot UTC 21 Oct

OBJECTIVES Examine flow and shear layer at low- levels Misplacement of precipitation in numerical simulations The nature of observed turbulent motions

Precipitation accumulation during 21 Oct Meso-NH simulation of Asencio and Stein (2006)  Common thread in simulations Rain-gauge observations Frei and Häller (2001)

Observed S-Pol mean radial velocity (m s -1 ) ( UTC 21 Oct) Simulated – Asencio and Stein

Observed Milan sounding at 00 UTC 21 Oct Simulated OBS SIM (e)

OBJECTIVES Examine flow and shear layer at low- levels Misplacement of precipitation in numerical simulations The nature of observed turbulent motions

Houze and Medina (2005) Conceptual model of orographic enhancement of precipitation by turbulent small-scale cells

S-Pol time-averaged variables and std deviation (19 UTC 20 Oct – 01 UTC 21 Oct) Radial velocity (every 4 m s -1 in solid contours) STD deviation radial velocity (m s -1 ; color) Topography (at range = 20 km) Terrain Height (km)

S-Pol time-averaged variables (19 UTC 20 Oct – 01 UTC 21 Oct) Reflectivity (dBZ; color) Topography (at range = 20 km) Terrain Height (km) Radial velocity (every 4 m s -1 in solid contours)

Why kind of turbulence are we observing? DOW Radar observations Radial velocity (m s -1 ) Shear (m s -1 km -1 )

Radar observations of Kevin-Helmholtz billows in mid-latitude precipitating system Radial velocity (m s -1 ) Chapman and Browning (1997) Shear (m s -1 km -1 )

CONCLUSIONS Three flows: synoptically driven upper-level flow, barrier-scale mid-level jet, and valley-scale low-level jet In comparison between observed and simulated precipitation: fundamental to evaluate detailed structure of windward flow In obs: Shear + Terrain = Turbulent flow and enhanced precipitation